Introduction to Pharmacology

Question 1

Any substances that brings about a change in biologic function through its chemical actions

Answer 1

DRUG

Question 2

A chemical preparation, which usually but not necessarily contains one or more drugs, administered with the intention of producing a therapeutic effect.

Answer 2

Medicine

Question 3

means poison in classic Greek and means drug in modern Greek

Answer 3

Pharmakon

Question 4

Means study of/ body of knowledge

Answer 4

Logia

Question 5

3 branches of PHARMA

Answer 5

1. Pharmacodynamics
2. Pharmacokinetics
3. Toxicology

Question 6

study of the mechanism of action and a biological activity that a drug has on a living system

Answer 6

Pharmacodynamics

Question 7

deals with the magnitude & time course of drug effects and explains the aspects of drug action through absorption, distribution, metabolism & excretion (ADME)

Answer 7

Pharmacokinetics

Question 8

Deals with the study of poisons and their effects (MOTA) and ADME

Answer 8

Toxicology

Question 9

Drug Discovery Process

Answer 9

Step 1: Drug Discovery and Development
Step 2: Pre-clinical research
Step 3: Clinical Research
Step 4: FDA Post-marketing drug safety monitoring

Question 10

What are the 3 Phases of Clinical Research?

Answer 10

1. Safety & Dosage
2. Efficacy & Side Effects
3. Efficacy monitoring & Adverse reactions

Question 11

A trademark applied to particular formulations of a particular substance by a particular manufacturer

Answer 11

Brand Name

Question 12

Drug Classification

Answer 12

1. Body System
2. Therapeutic Use
3. Mode of site or site of action
4. Molecular structure

Question 13

Drug Pregnancy Categories

Controlled studies in women fail to demonstrate a risk to the fetus in the 1st trimester (and there is no evidence of a risk in later trimesters), and the

Answer 13

Category A

Question 14

Drug Pregnancy Categories

Controlled studies in women fail to demonstrate a risk to the fetus in the 1st trimester (and there is no evidence of a risk in later trimesters), and the possibility of fetal harm remains remote.

Answer 14

Category A

Question 15

Either animal-reproduction studies have not demonstrated a fetal risk but there are no controlled studies in pregnant women or animal- reproduction studies have shown an adverse effect

Answer 15

Category B

Question 16

Either studies in animals have revealed adverse effects on the fetus (teratogenic or embryonical or other)

Answer 16

Category C

Question 17

There is positive evidence of human fetal risk, but the benefits from use in pregnant women may be acceptable despite the risk

Answer 17

Category D

Question 18

Studies in animals or human beings have demonstrated fetal abnormalities or there is evidence of fetal risk based on human experience or both, and the risk of the use of the drug in pregnant women clearly outweighs any possible effect.

Answer 18

Category X

Question 19

Routes of Drug Administration

Answer 19

1.Oral
2. Inhalation
3. Parenteral
3. Topical