Introduction to Pathophysiology Flashcards
Pathophysiology
Physiology of altered health
Difference b/w signs and symptoms.
Signs - measured/detected
Symptoms - what the patient feels
Etiology
Cause/reason for the disease
- Congenital/Acquired
- Idiopathic/Iatrogenic (caused by treatment; i.e. meds)
- Risk factors
Pathogenesis
Evolution of a disease from the initial stimulus to the ultimate expression of the disease manifestations
Clinical manifestations
Clinical course of a disease
- Signs or symptoms, or both
- Incubation, prodrome, illness, convalescence
Diagnosis
The designation to the nature/cause of a health problem.
History taking»_space; Physical examination»_space; Diagnostic tests
Reliability
Repeated observation/same result
Precision
Validity
Measurement tool measures what it’s intended to measure
Accuracy
Predictive value (PV)
How much the observation/result is able to predict the presence of a disease/condition
- Depends on sensitivity + specificity
Epidemiology
Study of disease in populations
- How disease is spread, controlled, prevented, eliminated
- Morbidity, mortality
Explain the importance of the natural history of a disease.
- Used as a predictor of outcome for diseases that have no effective treatment
- Provides direction for preventive measures
Cross-sectional studies
Simultaneous collection of info for classifying exposure + outcome status
- Used for comparing prevalence of a disease
Prevalence
of diseases in the population at a particular point in time
Incidence
of diseases occurring within a specified time period
Case-control studies
Case vs Control subjects
