Introduction to Organic Chemistry

Question 1

Hydrocarbons

Answer 1

? A compound consisting of hydrogen and carbons only

Question 2

Homologous Series

Answer 2

? Families of organic compounds with the same functional group and general formula

Each differ by CH3
Same chemical properties

Question 3

Saturated

Answer 3

Contain single carbon-carbon bonds only

Question 4

Unsaturated

Answer 4

Contains a C-C double bond

Question 5

Molecular formula

Answer 5

Shows the actual number of each type of atom

Question 6

Sturcutral formula

Answer 6

Shows the minimal detail that shows the arrangement of atoms in a molecule

Question 7

Displayed formula

Answer 7

Shows all the covalent bonds and atoms present in a molecule

Question 8

Skeletal formula

Answer 8

Shows the simplified organic formula, by removing hydrogen atoms and leaving a carbon skeleton and associated functional groups

Question 9

Function group

Answer 9

Is an atom or group of atoms which when present in different molecules causes them to have similar chemical properties

Question 10

Priority of functional group

Least to most

Answer 10

alkanes, halogenoalkanes, alkenes, alcohols, ketones, aldehydes, esters, carboxylic acids

Question 11

Structural isomerism

Answer 11

Same molecular formula but different structural formula

Question 12

3 different types of structural isomerism

Answer 12

Chain isomerism, position isomerism, functional isomerism

Question 13

Chain isomerism

Answer 13

? Compounds with the same molecular formula but different structures of the carbon skeleton.

Question 14

Position isomerism

Answer 14

? Same molecular formula but different structural formula due to the different position of the same functional group

Question 15

Functional isomerism

Answer 15

? Same molecular formula but with atoms arranged to give a different functional group.

Question 16

Stereoisomers

Answer 16

? Compounds with the same molecular formula and the same structural formula, but different arrangement of atoms in space.

Question 17

What type of compound can show E-Z isomerism

Answer 17

Alkenes

Question 18

When is E-Z isomerism prosent

Answer 18

Restricted rotation around the C=C bond

Two different group attached to both ends of the double bond

Question 19

How to identify geometric/E-Z isomerism

Answer 19

Draw a vertical line through the C=C bond.
There must at least one functional group on each side
Draw a horizontal line through C=C
If the functional group is at the same plane they are Z (cis-)
If the functional group are on opposite planes then they are E (trans-)

Question 20

CIG Priority rules

Answer 20

H

Question 21

Free radical

Answer 21

A reactive species which possess an unpaired electron