Introduction to Organic Chemistry Flashcards
Hydrocarbon [definition]:
A compound consisting of ONLY carbon and hydrogen
Saturated [explanation]:
Contains single carbon-carbon bonds ONLY
Saturated [explanation]:
Contains a C-C bond only
Molecular formula [definition]:
The formula which shows the actual number of each type of atom
Empirical formula [explanation]:
shows the simplest whole number ratio of atoms of each element in the compound
Structural formula [explanation]:
shows the minimal detail that shows the arrangement of atoms in a molecule, eg for butane: CH3CH2CH2CH3 or CH3(CH2)2CH3
Displayed Formua [explanation]:
show all the covalent bonds and atoms present in a molecule
Skeletal formula [explanation]:
shows the simplified organic formula, shown by removing hydrogen atoms from alkyl chains, leaving just a carbon skeleton and associated functional groups
Homologous series [definition]:
families of organic compounds with the same functional
group and same general formula
What is the suffix for an alkane?
-ane
What is the general formula of an alkane?
CₙH₂ₙ₊₂
What is the functional group of an alkene?
C=C
What is the suffix for an alkene?
-ene
What is the general formula of an alkene?
CₙH₂ₙ
What is the suffix for an alcohol?
-ol
What is the functional group of an alcohol?
C-OH
What is the prefix for an alcohol?
hydroxy-