introduction to organic chem Flashcards
what is a functional group
the atom or group of atoms that is responsible for the chemical reactions of a molecule
what is a homologus series
a family of compounds with the same general formula and similar in chemical properties. In a series, they differ by an addition of a CH2 group, and there is a gradual change in physical properties
what is a hydrocarbon
a molecule containing only hydogen and carbon
what does saturated mean
only contains single bonds
what are steroisomers
molecules with the same molecular and structural formulae but different spatial arrangement of atoms
what is a structural isomer
molecules with the same molecular formula but different structures
what is a chain isomoer
type of structural isomerism when they differ by having a different carbon chain
what is a position isomer
a type of structural isomerism where they differ by having the functional group in a different position
what are funtional group isomers
a type of structural isomerism when they differ by having a different functional group
what is the molecular formula
formula tht gives the actual number of atoms of each element in one molecule
what is the empirical formula
formula that gives the simplest ratio of each element in the compound
what is a general formula
shows the number of atoms of each element in a subtance which has n carbon atoms. All molecules in a homologous series have the same general formula
what is the structural formula
this shows how the atoms are joined together in a molecule
what is a displayed formula
shows all the bonds and atoms in a molecule
what is a skeletal formula
uses lines to represent bonds. each point represents a carbon atom. Atoms other than hydrogen and carbon are shown
