Introduction to Mobile Application Development Flashcards by Samantha Servo

A (1), commonly referred
to as an “app,” is a software application
specifically designed to run on mobile
devices such as smartphones and tablets.

mobile application

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[YEAR]
Japan launched the first automated cellular network for cars.

1979

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The (1) was meant to serve car phones as well. This too was considered as (2).
The first commercial 1G mobile network in the world was launched by (3) in Tokyo, Japan on (4)

network
0G technology
Nippon Telephone and Telegraph Company (NTT)
1 December 1979.

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[YEAR]
Motorola launched the first commercially available mobile phone

1983

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(1) launched the first commercially available mobile phone

Motorola

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The evolution of mobile phones began with this model.

DynaTAC 8000X

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[YEAR]
Apple launches the first tablet.

1993

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Apple’s first touchscreen device paved the way for future innovations in mobile technology, including the wildly successful iPhone and iPad.

Apple Newton MessagePad

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[YEAR]
The very first smartphone, Simon, was launched by IBM.

1994

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It contained a few simple apps like calendar, address book, sketchpad calculator, world clock, notepad, touchscreen, email capability, and so on. The history of mobile applications starts from here.

Simon

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[YEAR]
Nokia includes a game app,
‘The Snake’ in its phone

1997

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[YEAR]
Wireless Application Protocol (WAP) was introduced

1999

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A standard for accessing information over a mobile wireless network. It enabled basic web browsing on mobile devices with limited capabilities.

Wireless Application Protocol (WAP)

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[YEAR]
Introduction of App Stores

2008

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The launch of (1) in 2008 and (2) in 2009 revolutionized the distribution and monetization of mobile applications.

Apple’s App Store
Google Play (formerly Android Market)

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[YEAR]
Smartphone Revolution

Late 2000s - Early 2010s

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The (1), particularly the iPhone in 2007 and Android devices in 2008, marked a significant turning point in mobile app development.

introduction of smartphones

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[YEAR]
GPS technology in mobile devices

2009

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location-based services became a significant trend in mobile app development. Applications like Foursquare, launched in 2009, allowed users to check in at locations and discover nearby places of interest.

GPS

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[YEAR]
Rise of Social Media Apps

2010

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[YEAR]
The emergence of on-demand service applications

2010s

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[YEAR]
The integration of AR and VR technologies into mobile applications

2010s

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[YEAR]
Mobile applications began leveraging AI and ML algorithms

2010s

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[YEAR]
Emergence of Progressive Web Apps (PWAs)

2010s

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emerged as a hybrid approach between traditional web applications and native mobile apps, offering the benefits of both. PWAs can be accessed through web browsers but provide features like offline functionality, push notifications, and access to device hardware.

Progressive Web Apps (PWAs)

is a network of interconnected elements that work together to deliver mobile experiences to users

mobile platform ecosystem

# enumerate components of mobile platform ecosystem

1. mobile devices 2. mobile operating system (OS) 3. app stores 4. app developers 4. mobile carriers 5. content provides 6. other stakeholders

# component Smartphones, tablets, and other mobile computing devices.

mobile devices

# components The software that powers these devices, such as Android, iOS, and Windows Phone.

Mobile operating systems (OS)

# components Digital marketplaces where users can download and install apps.

app stores

# components The individuals and companies that create these apps.

app developers

# components The companies that provide network connectivity to mobile devices.

mobile carriers

# components The companies that create and distribute content for mobile devices, such as music, video, and games.

content providers

2 key players in the mobile platform ecosystem

apple and google

is a vertically integrated company that designs, manufactures, and sells its own hardware (iPhone, iPad), software (iOS), and app store (App Store).

Apple

develops the Android mobile OS, which is used by a wide range of device manufacturers; also operates the Google Play Store, which is one of the largest app stores in the world.

Google

# enumerate who benefits the mobile platform ecosystems

users, developers, other stakeholders

Mobile platform ecosystems provide (1) with a wide range of choices in terms of devices, apps, and content. They also make it easy to access and use mobile services.

users

Mobile platform ecosystems provide (1) with a large and growing market for their apps. They also make it easy to develop and distribute apps.

developers

# who benefits from the mobile platform ecosystems Mobile platform ecosystems create opportunities for a wide range of businesses to participate in the mobile market. They also drive innovation in the mobile industry.

other stakeholders

# enumerate 8 key concepts and principles in mobile app design

1. user-centered design (UCD) 2. simplicity and clarity 3. navigation and information architecture 4. responsiveness and performance 5. visual design and aesthetics 6. brand consistency 7. security and privacy 8. testing and iteration

# key concepts/principles This principle puts the user at the forefront of every design decision. It involves understanding user needs, behaviors, and mental models to create an intuitive and enjoyable experience.

User-Centered Design (UCD)

# key concepts/principles Mobile screens are small, so information needs to be presented concisely and clearly. Complex structures and overwhelming options can overwhelm users. Prioritize key features and functionalities.

Simplicity and Clarity

# key concepts/principles Make it easy for users to find what they need quickly and efficiently. Implement consistent navigation patterns and relevant search functions.

Navigation and Information Architecture

# key concepts/principles Apps should respond promptly to user interaction and avoid sluggishness or lag. Optimize for different screen sizes and devices to ensure a seamless experience.

Responsiveness and Performance

# key concepts/principles Use color, typography, and imagery thoughtfully to enhance the user experience without creating distractions.

Visual Design and Aesthetics

# key concepts/principles Design elements should align with your app's overall brand identity. This helps create a cohesive and recognizable experience for users.

Brand Consistency

# key concepts/principles Protect user data and ensure secure authentication.

Security and Privacy

# key concepts/principles User testing is crucial for identifying and resolving usability issues. Continuously iterate and refine your design based on user feedback and data.

Testing and Iteration

Operates as an independent application and frequently accesses various features of your device to function.

native application

5 characteristics of a native application

1. platform specific 2. high performance 3. offline functionality 4. access to device features 5. integration with system services

# characteristic of native application developed for specific platform such as iOS or android

platform specific

# characteristic of native application optimized for the mobile device’s hardware and software

high performance

# characteristic of native application can often function without internet

offline functionality

# characteristic of native application utilizes device features such as GPS, camera, contacts, and more

access to device features

# characteristic of native application seamlessly integrate with other system services and functionalities, such as notifications, payment systems, and social media sharing,

integration with system services

essentially web apps that have a native app shell.

hybrid application

4 characteristics of a hybrid application

1. cross-platform compatibility 2. web technologies 3. native wrapper 4. offline functionality

# characteristic of hybrid application designed to work across multiple platforms, such as iOS, Android, and sometimes even desktop environments, using a single codebase.

cross-platform compatibility

# characteristic of hybrid application optimized for the mobile device’s hardware and software

web technologies

# characteristic of hybrid application can often function without internet

native wrapper

# characteristic of hybrid application can work online and offline

offline functionality

delivered over an internet browser. Users don't need to install them on their devices.

web application

3 characteristics of web applications

1. designed to display web pages on desktop and mobile devices 2. compatible with any device's web browser 3. run on host servers

visual aspects and layout of digital interfaces

user interface

user’s overall experience with the product or website

user experience

Specialises in the presentation and appearance of a product.

user interface

Specifically focuses on the functionality of a product.

user experience

Attention is paid to the visual style structure of a product.

user interface

centers on the responsiveness of a product, in relation to the needs of a user.

user experience

Emotionally connects a user to a product using required icons, layouts, font, colours, and actions.

user interface

Facilitates a user to accomplish specific actions.

user experience

4 importance of ui/ux

1. usability 2. responsiveness and correctness 3. brand image and loyalty 4. accessibility

# importance of ui/ux Ensures that a product offers solutions to user’s problems and, most importantly, provides an exciting and hassle-free experience.

usability

# importance of ui/ux Provides users with quick and seamless navigation while interacting with a product.

responsiveness and correctness

# importance of ui/ux Encourages users to return to a product, fostering long-term engagement and loyalty. Responsible for compelling a user to make decisions to embrace a product’s offerings and values.

brand image and loyalty

# importance of ui/ux Ensures products are accessible to users of all abilities, expanding the potential user base.

accessibility

A software application that provides comprehensive tools and features to programmers and developers for creating, editing, compiling, debugging, and deploying software applications.

Integrated Development Environment (IDE)

# programming language A widely used object-oriented language for Android app development and is supported by Google’s Android SDK.

java

# programming language A high-level general purpose programming language that is use for Apple app development.

swift

# programming language Can be used to develop web and mobile applications as well as server and desktop applications.

dart

# programming language A general-purpose development language used mainly for Android mobile app development.

kotlin

# programming language Used for cross-platforms mobile app development with frameworks like React Native and NativeScript; and can run on both iOS and Android platforms.

javascript

# programming language A statically typed language with a syntax similar to Java and Swift that can build native apps for Android, iOS, and Windows.

6 programming languages for mobile app development

1. java 2. swift 3. dart 4. kotlin 5. javascript 6. c#

an approach to developing software applications that are compatible with multiple operating systems or platforms.

Cross-platform development

# enumerate benefits of using cross-platform development

1. code reusability 2. faster development 3. cost-effective 4. wider reach 5. consistent user experience

set of tools, libraries, and guidelines that help developers build applications more efficiently and effectively.

development framework

open-source mobile UI toolkit that was released in 2013.

ionic framework

is an open-source UI software framework created by Meta Platforms, Inc.

react native

is used for building mobile apps using JavaScript and React.

react native

# enumeration 3 people involved in xamarin

1. CTO - miguel de icaza 2. COO - joseph hill 3. CEO - nat friedman

cross-platform framework for building native Android, Windows, and iOS apps using .NET and C#.

xamarin

an open-source UI software development kit created by Google.

flutter

used to develop cross-platform applications from a single codebase for any web browser, Fuchsia, Android, iOS, Linux, macOS, and Windows.

flutter

crucial tool in software development that enables teams to manage changes to source code, documents, and other files in a collaborative environment. It tracks every modification made to the project's files, allowing developers to maintain a history of changes, revert to previous versions if needed, and collaborate seamlessly.

Version Control System (VCS)

# enumeration 2 main types of vcs

1. centralized version control system (cvcs) 2. distributed version control system (dvcs)

# type of cvs central server stores the entire history of the project; Developers check out files from this central repository to work on them.

Centralized Version Control System (CVCS)

# type of cvs every developer has a complete copy of the repository, including its history, on their local machine; This allows for greater flexibility and collaboration, even in disconnected environments.

Distributed Version Control System (DVCS)

distributed version control system widely adopted in the software development community due to its speed, flexibility, and branching capabilities. Git enables developers to work offline, collaborate seamlessly, and maintain a complete history of project changes.

git

also called SVN, is an open source version control system; allows teams to look at previous file versions and track their changes over time; was initially released in 2000 by CollabNet. It's now licensed under Apache.

subversion

refers to a software development approach where multiple individuals or teams work together to create a software product or solution. It involves cooperation, coordination, and communication among developers, designers, testers, and other stakeholders throughout the development process.

Collaborative Development

Atlassian's Git-based version control system and collaboration platform, offering features like branching models, code insights, and continuous integration (CI) pipelines; integrates seamlessly with other Atlassian tools like Jira and Confluence, enabling end-to-end software development workflows.

Bitbucket

# enumeration possible difference between smartphone, tablet, and desktop application

1. screen size 2. processing power 3. battery life 4. use case 5. app store presence

# enumeration platform-specific development considerations

1. development tools and resources 2. app store policies 3. device fragmentation 4. design guidelines 5. updates and support 6. monetization options 7. market share 8. security concerns