Introduction to Microbiology Flashcards
List categories of micro-organism that cause infection
Bacterium Viruses Fungi Parasites Prions
Bacterium structure and definition
round, spiral/rod shaped, organic matter
prokaryotic
0.2-0.5um
Viruses structure and definition
Only replicate within living cells
Unclassified
Not visible under light microscope
Fungi structure and definition
Include mold, yeast, mushroom
spore producing
eukaryotic
2-10um
Prions structure and definition
Protein with unknown function, resides on surface of brain cells, abnormal protein leads to prion disease, can arse spontaneously or by transmission
Unclassified
10nm, smallest
Sterile site
Brain, CSF, Blood
Why are sterile vs non-sterile sites important?
Sterile= clinically significant vs non-sterile must be more selectivein what looking for as lots of micro-organisms
Non-sterile site
skin, gastrointestinal tract (mouth, throat,gut), lung
Different types of specimens collected to diagnose infection
Midstream specimen of urine- UTI Sputum-Lower respiratory tract infection Throat Swab- Tonsilitis/Pharyngitis Faeces-Infectious diarrhea Blood Culture- Sepsis CSF- Meningitis Bone- Osteomyelitis Aspirate of pus- abscess Swabs- Wound infection
Why must the skin be prepped when taking blood?
Don’t want contamination with sample
What is multiplex PCR and what does it do?
Molecular method of detecting virus
Detects nucleic acid from a clinical sample and detects multiple diseases in one test
List methods of detecting viruses
Antigen detection
Serology- determines immunity to check response for immune vaccines
What is the purpose of gram staining?
visualise bacteria nd yeast/fungi
What is microbiology?
Study of micro-organisms
Why is gram staining not always efficient?
Myobacteria, no cell wall or modified cell wall can’t absorb stain so need Ziehl Neelsenstain or aura mine stain
