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Bacteriology > Introduction To Microbiology > Flashcards

Introduction To Microbiology Flashcards

1
Q

Algae that causes red tide poisoning?

A

Dinoflagellates

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2
Q

Main role of microorganisms in our environment?

A

Decompose

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3
Q

What are the two naturally occurring products that are being produce by microorganisms?

A

Cellulase and insulin

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4
Q

What is the vital tool to see microorganisms?

A

Microscope

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5
Q

Other term for microorganisms?

A

Germ

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6
Q

What are the two industrial chemicals that microorganisms produce?

A

Ethanol and acetone

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7
Q

What are the two other terms of non-pathogenic and is normally identified in human body?

A

Microbiota and normal flora

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8
Q

What bacteria causes Subacute bacterial endocarditis (SBE) infection?

A

Staphylococcus epidermidis

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9
Q

Also known as Colon bacillus?

A

Escherichia coli

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10
Q

Who is the father of taxonomy, he established nomenclature?

A

Carl Linnaeus

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11
Q

What are the two things to consider when naming organisms?

A

Genus and specific epithet

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12
Q

In mannitol salt agar (MSA) what is the pigment color of Staphylococcus aureus?

A

Pearly white color

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13
Q

Who discovers Escherichia coli?

A

Theodore Escherich

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14
Q

Is bacteria eukaryotes?

A

False, prokaryotes

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15
Q

What polysaccharides can be identified in bacterial cell wall?

A

Peptidoglycan (able to differentiate if the bacteria is gram + or gram -)

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16
Q

Is bacteria multiply by binary fission?

A

True

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17
Q

What are the two bacteria that Robert Koch discovers or isolate?

A

Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Bacillus anthracis

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18
Q

Who developed the synthetic drug called salvarsan?

A

Paul Ehrlich

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19
Q

Salvarsan is developed to treat what kind of infection?

A

Syphilis

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20
Q

Syphilis is caused by what bacteria?

A

Treponema pallidum

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21
Q

In 1928, Alexander Flemming discovered the first antibiotic on a fungi, what is this fungi?

A

Penicillium notatum

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22
Q

Penicillium notatum made antibiotic called penicillin which kills what bacteria?

A

Staphylococcus aureus

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23
Q

When was penicillin was tested and mass produce?

A

1940s

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24
Q

Who discovered the first antibiotic?

A

Alexander Flemming

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25
Q

What are the other two terms for syphilis?

A

The great imitators disease and hard chancre

26
Q

Who is the father of immunology and is also the person who discovers a lot of vaccines?

A

Edward Jenner (1796)

27
Q

In what year sulfonamides were synthesized?

A

1930s

28
Q

In what year Paul Ehrlich developed the salvarsan a synthetic arsenic drug?

A

1910

29
Q

This are chemicals produced by bacteria and fungi that inhibit/kill other microbes?

A

Antibiotics

30
Q

These are use to treat infectious disease it can be synthetic drugs or antibiotics?

A

Chemotherapeutic agents

31
Q

It’s from a tree bark and it’s long used to treat parasitic infection which is malaria?

A

Quinine

32
Q

What is the shape of Treponema pallidum?

A

Spirochetal rod

33
Q

Who proposed the use of immunology to identify some bacteria according to serotypes (variants within species)?

A

Rebecca Lancefield (1933)

34
Q

In 1960s, who identified the bacteriophage?

A

Paul Berg

35
Q

Recombinant DNA or genetic engineering involves what two methods?

A

Microbial genetics and Molecular biology

36
Q

This is infection that is fatal in many insects but harmless to other animals, humans, and plants, this is used to kill mosquitoes?

A

Bacillus thuringiensis

37
Q

Normal microbiota produce growth factors such as?

A

There are two possible answers:

Folic acid and Vitamin k

38
Q

Microorganisms can produce fermented food, give 3 examples

A

Vinegar, cheese, and bread

39
Q

We study microorganisms to prevent what?

A

Prevent food spoilage and prevent disease occurrence

40
Q

What are these two bacteria that are found in human body?

A

Staphylococcus aureus (skin) and Escherichia coli (large intestine)

41
Q

The oldest bacteria, prokaryotic and can live in extreme environments?

A

Archaea

42
Q

The bacteria’s optimum temperature for their growth requirement is 37°C, this is term as?

A

Mesophile (bacteria’s are called mesophilic)

43
Q

Bacteria that can live in the presence of gas are called?

A

Methanogens

44
Q

They can live with high salt concentration?

A

Halophiles (bacteria are called halophilic)

45
Q

Bacteria that can live in extremely hot temperature is called?
(Can live more than 47°C)

A

Thermophile (bacteria is called thermophilic)

46
Q

Largest microorganisms, eukaryotes made of either unicellular or multicellular?

A

Fungi

47
Q

TRUE OR FALSE
Yeasts is unicellular
Molds and mushrooms multicellular

A

True

48
Q

Molds and mushrooms are multicellular consisting of masses __________, which are composed of filaments called __________.

A

Mycelia and hyphae

49
Q

Fungi use organic chemicals for energy what is its term?

A

Saprophytic

50
Q

Influenza A virus or the H5N2, what are the two toxins that made up the H5N2?

A

Haemagglutinin and neuraminase

51
Q

Who is the father of classical microbiology?

A

Anton van Leeuwenhoek

52
Q

All living things are composed of cells and come from pre-existing cells

A

Cell theory

53
Q

Life came from another life

A

Biogenesis theory

54
Q

Who proposed the three-domain classification?

A

Carl Woese

55
Q

What are the three domain classification?

A

Bacteria
Archaea
Eukarya

56
Q

Life came from non-life, hypothesis that living organisms arise from non-living matter

A

Spontaneous generation

57
Q

One of the ways we can able to kill microorganisms?

A

Heating

58
Q

The father of modern microbiology

A

Lois Pasteur

59
Q

Who invented the s-shaped flask?

A

Lois Pasteur

60
Q

Its anaerobic and the conversation of sugar to alcohol to make beer and wine, and alcohol to make vinegar

A

Fermentation

61
Q

Sterilization technique that will be able to lower or inhibit the growth of microorganisms

A

Pasteurization

Bacteriology (1 decks)

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