Introduction to metabolism

Question 1

True or False: Nathan loves Biochemistry very much

Answer 1

Yes!!! <3

Question 2

Where ETC happens..

Answer 2

inner mito membrane

Question 3

The final common pathway by which electrons

derived from different fuels of the body flow to oxygen

Answer 3

ETC

Question 4

The inner mitochondrial
membrane is impermeable to most
small ions, including and small molecules such as j
ATP, ADP, pyruvate, and other metabolites important to mitochon­drial function. True or False

Answer 4

True!

Question 5

Convlutions of the Inner Mitochondrial Membrane

Answer 5

Cristae

Question 6

Capacity to do work

Answer 6

Energy

Question 7

Energy in the process of doing work

Answer 7

Kinetic

Question 8

Energy content due to arrangement or position of matter

Answer 8

Potential

Question 9

study of energy transformations that

occur in a collection of matter

Answer 9

Thermodynamics

Question 10

the study of energy in living systems;

Thermodynamics applied to living organisms

Answer 10

Bioenergetics

Question 11

The amount of energy in the universe in CONSTANT but

not homogenous. T or F

Answer 11

True

Question 12

Energy cannot be created nor destroyed, but only

converted to other forms.

Answer 12

First law of thermodynamics

Question 13

Every reaction results in an increase in entropy and the loss of usable energy (free energy) as heat. T or F

Answer 13

True

Question 14

EQUATIONS OF ENERGY

Answer 14

∆G = G B  – G A  
∆H = H B  – H A

Question 15

Free energy difference of a system in STANDARD

CONDITION (i.e. 25ºC, 1 atm)

Answer 15

∆G^0

Question 16

Catabolic Pathways endergonic or exergonic?

Answer 16

Exergonic Rxns=Those that release energy by breaking down complex molecules into simpler compounds such as glycolysis

Question 17

It measures the tendency of oxidant to gain electrons and

to become reduced; This is potential energy

Answer 17

Reduction potential

Question 18

More positive= Higher reduction potential. torf

Answer 18

True

Question 19

The more POSITIVE the reduction potential difference is,

the easier the redox reaction. TorF

Answer 19

True

Question 20

Oxidation of foods can be used to synthesize ATP. TorF

Answer 20

True

Question 21

loss of hydrogen

Answer 21

Dehydrogenase

Question 22

gain of oxygen

Answer 22

oxygenase

Question 23

electron transfer to molecular oxygen

Answer 23

oxidases

Question 24

Electrons move from a carrier with ___ redox potential to a carrier with ___ redox potential

Answer 24

lower; higher

Question 25

Anabolic reactions \_\_\_\_  energy  to 
synthesize 
complicated  molecules 
from  simpler 
compounds  a  reductive 
process  that  requires 
energy

Answer 25

consume

Question 26

Catabolic reactions \_\_\_ energy  by 
breaking  down 
complex  molecules  into 
simpler  compounds  an 
oxidative  process  that releases energy

Answer 26

release

Question 27

Contents of atp

Answer 27

ribose, adenine, phosphate

Question 28

makes inner membrane impermeable to ions

Answer 28

cardiolipin, which has 4 FA

Question 29

A multi-enzyme complex which catalyzes the conversion of

pyruvate (produced from glycolysis) to acetyl-CoA

Answer 29

Pyruvate dehydrogenase complex

Question 30

Mnemonics for Krebs Cycle

Answer 30

Can I keep selling sex for money, oficer?

Question 31

Proposes that energy from ETC is stored in a high-energy

phosphate intermediate and drives ATP synthesis

Answer 31

Chemical Coupling Hypothesis

Question 32

Proposes that energy from ETC is stored in a high-energy

protein conformation

Answer 32

. Conformational Coupling Hypothesis

Question 33

Requires an intact membrane & ADP supply to open F 0 –
F 1 channel

The electron gradient created in sensed by the F 0 – F 1
ATP synthase, which pumps H
+
into the matrix; it
undergoes conformational change, allowing H
+
to enter

Answer 33

Chemiosmotic Hypothesis

Question 34

Dissolve in the membrane and function as carriers for H
+

• does not involve direct binding to any protein in ETC or ATP
  synthase

Answer 34

Uncoupling Reagents (Uncouplers) (ex dinitrophenol)

Question 35

High [ATP] or low [ADP] & [AMP] ____ rate of glycolysis,

pyruvate oxidation, acetate oxidation via CAC & OP

Answer 35

Lowers

Question 36

The interlinking of glycolysis & CAC by citrate (which inhibits
glycolysis) supplements the ______ system

Answer 36

adenine nucleotide

Question 37

↑levels of NADH & acetyl-CoA also _____ oxidation of
pyruvate to acetyl CoA, and a high [NADH]/[NAD
+
] ration
____ dehydrogenase reactions of CAC

Answer 37

both inhibit