Introduction to Metabolism

Question 1

What is energy?

Answer 1

the capacity to cause change

Question 2

What is Metabolism?

Answer 2

ALL of the chemical reactions of an organism

Question 3

Describe the First Law of Thermodynamics

Answer 3

Energy Can be transferred and transformed and Cannot be created or destroyed

Question 4

What is Kinetic energy?

Answer 4

The energy of motion.Heat/Thermal Energy

Question 5

What is Potential energy?

Answer 5

Chemical Energy.Location or Structure

Question 6

Describe the Second Law of Thermodynamics.

Answer 6

Some energy becomes unavailable
– Extremely inefficient
» Most energy lost as heat
– Increases Entropy
» Measure of disorder

Question 7

What is entropy?

Answer 7

the measure of a system’s thermal energy per unit temperature that is unavailable for doing useful work

Question 8

What is chemical energy?

Answer 8

The energy released from a substance, or absorbed in the formation of a chemical compound, during a chemical reaction. polymers from monomers

Question 9

What is an endergonic reaction?

Answer 9

Positive ΔG.The energy required is required and is Non-spontaneous

Question 10

What is an exergonic reaction?

Answer 10

Negative ΔG.Energy is released and is Spontaneous

Question 11

ΔG

Answer 11

Free Energy
Gfinal – Ginitial

Question 12

________ is the energy currency of the cell

Answer 12

ATP

Question 13

ATP —> ADP + P + ________

Answer 13

h20

Question 14

ADP + P + ________ —> ATP

Answer 14

h2o

Question 15

What are enzymes?

Answer 15

Protein macromolecules that act as catalysts

Question 16

How can enzymatic reactions be sped up?

Answer 16

More substrate = faster enzymatic rate

Question 17

How do enzymes speed up reactions?

Answer 17

– Protein macromolecules
that act as catalysts
* Speed up naturally
occurring reactions

Question 18

sucrose + sucrase  glucose + fructose
Which of the above is the enzyme?

Answer 18

Sucrase -> enzyme

Question 19

sucrose + sucrase  glucose + fructose
Which of the above is the substrate?

Answer 19

Sucrose -> substrate

Question 20

What is the active site of an enzyme, what binds there?

Answer 20

the region that binds the substrates(and cofactor if any)

Question 21

In what two ways can enzyme inhibitors prevent metabolic reactions?

Answer 21

Competitive Inhibition and Noncompetitive Inhibition