Introduction To Medical Imaging Flashcards
Define medical imaging.
Is a discipline in the healthy sector that deals with radiations to diagnose and treat disease, some radiations are x-ray, magnetic field and ultrasound
Explain the 2 roles of medical imaging .
Diagnostic role/ radiography: this role helps to diagnose diseases
Therapeutic radiography/role:
This involves the treatment of diseases
What’s the significance of radiation in medicine?
Radiation provides the radiographer with techniques that help to look inside the body of the body without physical cutting.
Helps radiographers to investigate disease and treat some diseases by using different radiations.
Explain how the general x-ray machine works.
The General X-Ray machine.
Used special type of rays Called x-rays and the rays are made to pass through an area of focus, some rays penetrate and some are blocked forming an image in an analog format and is viewed In a viewing box.
List the modalities used in medical imaging.
> X-ray equipment
Magnetic resonance imaging
Nuclear medicine equipment
Radiotherapy equipment
*There are only 4 modalities
X-ray equipment is categorized according to it’s diagnostic roles, explain the categories.
- General X-ray machine
- Fluoroscopy machine
- Mammography Machine
- Bone densitometry machine
- Mobile machine
Who discovered x-rays
William Conrad Roentgen
Explain the discovery of x-rays
- he was in a physics lab working on an experiment of the crooks tube
- One end of the tube was cathode and one end anode connected to a high voltage transformer.
- He switched it on and he notices that a blueish green color glowing from the tube, and he thought were cathode rays.
- He then covered the crooks tube with a black box and switched off the lights, he notices that some 8ft from where he was there was a glow of barium platinocide fluorescent material.
When were x-rays discovered
8th November 1895
First x-ray examination was taken on
20th December 1895 his wife’s hand
Process in which x-rays are produced
Thermionic emission
Bremsstrahlung
A type of electromagnetic radiation produced when an accelerating charged particle is suddenly stopped by a nucleus to produce energy photons.
Evolution of the x-ray tube
- Realignment of the cathode with anode; for the emitted electrons to be going directly to the anode.
- Bevelling of the anode; to avoid x-rays from going different direction rather one direction.
- Redesign the cathode from a single basic disc to a filament; to produce more electrons
- Redesigning of the anode to make it a rotating anode; this was to prevent pitting of the anode cause by the electrons. Thereby extending the lifespan of the tube.
Basic requirements for Production of x-rays
- A vacuum( glass envelope made of borocilicate glass)
- A source of electrons-cathode
- A target for the electrons-anode
- A high potential difference(voltage) between the anode and
cathode
Properties of x-rays
- travel at the speed of light
- Cannot be focused by lens
- Have short wavelength
- Have photographic effect
- Causes ionization of matter