INTRODUCTION TO ME LABORATORY I

Question 1

traditionally used to measure physical and electrical quantities, such as
mass, temperature, pressure, capacitance and voltage.

Answer 1

MEASUREMENT SYSTEM

Question 2

often made a part of a control system

Answer 2

MEASUREMENT SYSTEM

Question 3

is the process of configuring an instrument to provide a result for a sample within an acceptable range.

Answer 3

calibration

Question 4

During use, however, its
behavior will gradually diverge from the stated specification for a variety of reasons. Such reasons include:

Answer 4

• mechanical wear
• effects of dirt, dust, fumes, and chemicals in the operating environment

Question 5

Such ________ is performed by adjusting the instrument at each point
in its output range until its output readings are the same as those of a second standard
instrument to which the same inputs are applied

Answer 5

recalibration

Question 6

is the Property or the physical property that is being measured

Answer 6

MEASURAND

Question 7

is a term that is closely related to accuracy and defines the maximum
error that is to be expected in some value.

Answer 7

Tolerance

Question 8

refers to the closeness of a measured value to a standard or known value.

Answer 8

Accuracy

Question 9

It is a description of systematic errors as these cause a difference between a result and a “true” value.

Answer 9

Accuracy

Question 10

What is the ISO meaning??

Answer 10

International Organization for Standardization

Question 11

In ISO, accuracy is called ?

Answer 11

Trueness

Question 12

ISO defines
accuracy as

Answer 12

describing a combination of both types of observational error above (random
and systematic), so high accuracy requires both high precision and high trueness.

Question 13

In practice, it is more usual to quote the ______ rather than the accuracy value for an instrument.

Answer 13

inaccuracy or measurement uncertainty
value

Question 14

is the extent to which a reading might be wrong and is often quoted as a
percentage of the full-scale (f.s.) reading of an instrument.

Answer 14

Inaccuracy or measurement
uncertainty

Question 15

is the description of random errors and a measure of statistical
variability. It refers to the closeness of two or more measurements to each other. It also
describes an instrument’s degree of freedom from random errors.

Answer 15

Precision

Question 16

describes the closeness of output readings when the same input is
applied repetitively over a short period of time, with the same measurement conditions,
same instrument and observer, same location, and same conditions of use maintained
throughout.

Answer 16

Repeatability

Question 17

describes the closeness of output readings for the same input
when there are changes in the method.

Answer 17

Reproducibility

Question 18

ERRORS IN MEASUREMENTS

Answer 18

1. The instrument is not calibrated, and has an offset.
2. Reading uncertainty due to the presence of random noise.
3. Reading the instrument before it has reached its steady state.
4. Mistakes in recording measured data and in calculating a derived measurand.

Question 19

The two systems used for specifying units of
measure are t

Answer 19

English and metric systems

Question 20

Units in the English system are historical
units of measurement used in ________ which evolved from the ___

Answer 20

medieval England ,Anglo-Saxon
and Roman systems.

Question 21

The metric system is a decimalized system of measurement
developed in France in late

Answer 21

18th century

Question 22

Since the metric system is almost universally
used, it is often referred to as the _________ .

Answer 22

International System of Units and abbreviated SI.

Question 23

What is the standard unit of length?

Answer 23

Meter

Question 24

What is the standard unit of mass?

Answer 24

Kilogram

Question 25

What is the standard unit of time?

Answer 25

Second

Question 26

What is the standard unit of temperature?

Answer 26

Degrees

Question 27

What is the standard unit of current?

Answer 27

Amphere

Question 28

Whatis the standard unit of luminous intensity?

Answer 28

Candela

Question 29

What is the standard unit of matter?

Answer 29

Mole

Question 30

The basic units for length or distance measurements in the English system are

Answer 30

inch, foot, yard, and mile.

Question 31

Other units of length also include the

Answer 31

rod, furlong, and chain

Question 32

The basic unit of length in the SI system is the

Answer 32

meter

Question 33

The meter was originally intended to be

Answer 33

one ten-millionth of the distance from the Equator to the North Pole (at sea level)

Question 34

The meter has since been redefined as the

Answer 34

distance travelled by light in a vacuum in 1/299,792,458 seconds (i.e. the speed of light in a vacuum is 299,792,458 m/sec)

Question 35

In 1893, the United States officially defined a meter as

Answer 35

39.37 inches

Question 36

In 1893, the United States officially defined a meter as 39.37 inches. Under this standard, the foot was equal to

Answer 36

12/39.37 m (approximately 0.3048 m)

Question 37

In ___, a new standard was adopted that defined an inch equal to ____

Answer 37

1959, 2.54 cm

Question 38

The older standard is now referred to as the __________, while the new standard is referred to as the _______.

Answer 38

U.S. survey foot, international foot.

Question 39

In the English system, areas are typically given in

Answer 39

square feet or square yards.

Question 40

For larger area measurements

Answer 40

, the acre or square mile may be used.

Question 41

is the force per unit area exerted against a surface by the weight of the Earth’s atmosphere above that surface

Answer 41

Atmospheric Pressure

Question 42

is used the metric system to measure temperature

Answer 42

The Celsius scale, or degrees Celsius (°C), i

Question 43

On the Celsius scale, the freezing point of water is 0°C while the boiling point is 100°C at standard atmospheric pressure.

Answer 43

0 celsius and 100 Celsius

Question 44

The Fahrenheit and Celsius scales converge at

Answer 44

-40°

Question 45

The _______ , is used in the United States to measure temperature.

Answer 45

Fahrenheit scale, or degrees Fahrenheit (°F)

Question 46

On the Fahrenheit scale, the freezing point of water is _______ while the boiling point is ____ at standard atmospheric pressure.

Answer 46

32°F , 212°F

Question 47

The boiling and freezing points of water are exactly _______ apart, making each degree Fahrenheit _____ of the interval between the two points.

Answer 47

180 degrees , 1/180

Question 48

In geometry, any horizontal or vertical angle is measured in

Answer 48

degrees

Question 49

The radian is another unit of measure for angles. By definition, a full circle has

Answer 49

2 radians and 360 degrees

Question 50

The ______ is the primary unit of mass in the English system.

Answer 50

avoirdupois pound

Question 51

Avoirdupois is a system of weight based on the _________ ounces per pound in the troy system of weight

Answer 51

16 ounces per pound rather than the 12

Question 52

Volumes in the metric system are given in

Answer 52

cubic meters