Introduction to Living Organisms Flashcards
Scientific investigation is the most common type of problem-solving method. What is the most practical description of the scientific process?
A. If a hypothesis is sound, tests can support it.
B. If a hypothesis is sound, certain outcomes are to be expected.
C. If observations are accurate, they can support the hypothesis.
D. If a prediction is correct, the hypothesis is sound.
B. If a hypothesis is sound, certain outcomes are to be expected.
According to the central dogma of molecular biology, what replicates itself in the cell?
A. Cytoplasm
B. DNA
C. Mitochondria
D. RNA
B. DNA
According to the central dogma of molecular biology, what type of molecule is the blueprint of living organisms?
A. Carbohydrate
B. Deoxyribonucleic acid
C. Protein
D. Ribonucleic acid
B. Deoxyribonucleic acid
Which of the following is the primary objective of systems biology?
A. To categorize the genomes of different species
B. To clarify complex problems
C. To analyze components and processes of organisms
D. To hasten the application of acquired knowledge
C. To analyze components and processes of organisms
What terms refers to all of the organisms in a given geographical location?
A. Ecosystem
B. Population
C. Community
D. Kingdom
C. Community
What is a community?
the living organisms that thrive together in a certain geographic boundary
What is population?
group of species in a specific geographic location in a specified time
What is an ecosystem?
composed of a community (biotic) and its environment (abiotic)
What is Kingdom?
the second highest level taxonomic group in the hierarchy of living organisms
What is the cytoplasm responsible for in the central dogma of molecular biology?
Nothing. It is just the material within a cell besides the nucleus.
What is the endoplasmic reticulum responsible for in the central dogma of molecular biology?
helps process and transport molecules created by the cell
What is the nucleus responsible for in the central dogma of molecular biology?
the site of transcription, not translation
What do biotic factors refer to?
living elements that affect the environment or an organism in major or minor ways
According to the central dogma of molecular biology, what is the correct order in the creation of molecules in the cell?
A. DNA to RNA to protein
B. Protein to DNA to RNA
C. RNA to DNA to protein
D. RNA to protein to DNA
A. DNA to RNA to protein
Pseudouridimycin is a novel antibiotic. It inhibits a specific bacterial enzyme, blocking the transcription of bacterial DNA to RNA. What bacterial enzyme does pseudouridimycin inhibit?
Answer Choices
A. DNA polymerase
B. Helicase
C. RNA polymerase
D. Topoisomerase
C. RNA polymerase
What does RNA polymerase do?
enzyme that uses DNA as a template to synthesize RNA
What does DNA polymerase do?
enzymes that uses DNA as a template to replicate DNA
What does Helicase do?
enzyme that separates the two strands of DNA for DNA replication to take place
What does Topoisomerase do?
enzyme that relieves the supercoiling in DNA.
Select the correct sequence of the hierarchy of life in the Linnaean Classification system from most specific to most broad.
A. Species, genus, family, order B. Order, class, kingdom, phylum C. Domain, kingdom, phylum, class D. Order, family, class, phylum
A. Species, genus, family, order
What is the order of the hierarchy of life from most specific to broad?
Species Genus Family Order Class Phylum Kingdom Domain
Protists and bacteria each belong to different domains. Which of the following pieces of information about protists and bacteria is true?
A. Protists’ nuclei have a membrane.
B. Bacteria are not membranous.
C. Protists’ phagocytes are bacteria.
D. Bacteria decompose protists
A. Protists’ nuclei have a membrane.
Which of the following relationships among organisms is most likely an example of mutualism?
A. Ants colonizing a tree
B. Two foxes digging holes in the ground
C. Tapeworms in a dog’s intestines
D. Young wasps attacking caterpillars
A. Ants colonizing a tree
What is mutualism?
relationship between 2 different species of organisms from which each species beefits
According to the central dogma of molecular biology, RNA is copied from DNA. What enzyme deficiency will occur if an mRNA molecule is unable to be synthesized from the DNA template?
A. DNA polymerase I
B. DNA polymerase II
C. RNA polymerase I
D. RNA polymerase II
D. RNA polymerase II
What is RNA polymerase II responsible for?
synthesis of an mRNA molecule form the DNA template during transcription
What is DNA Polymerase II responsible for?
involved in DNA replication in prokaryotes
What is DNA polymerase I responsible for?
synthesizing DNA molecules from deoxyribonucleotides during DNA replication
What is RNA polymerase I responsible for?
transcribing rRNA genes
