Introduction to Linguistics Flashcards
i
Tagalog verbs has no tense
y
See language in terms of its structure.
o
They believe that by describing the observable and verifiable features of the language, one can learn it
Structuralists
See language as a system and studying these systems would make it possible to learn language
Structuralists
the
i’m
Speech is the fundamental language medium; writing is merely a supplementary way to convey language.
Language is primarily vocal.
the
linguists
i’m
7
The meanings of a language’s words and the concepts they express are not innately related to one another.
Language is arbitrary.
Language is an important tool for communicating. It gives shape to people’s thoughts, as well as guides and controls their activity.
Language is a means of communication.
Language is a system of knowledge that is universal and innate, manifested in linguistic forms.
Transformationalists and Cognitivists
Some of the most prevalent thoughts that sprung out of tranformationist views are the following: (3)
- Language is innate.
- Writing is artistic.
- Language is universal.
Because every normal child has a language acquisition device (LAD) in their brains, they are predisposed to learning their first language in a very short period-roughly five years after birth.
Language is innate.
It makes it possible for native speakers to create and comprehend new sentences that they have neither heard nor used before.
Writing is artistic.
in the sense that all typical children develop a mother tongue and on a highly abstract level, all languages must share essential characteristics of human languages. For instance, all languages include rules that turn sounds into words, and words into phrases and clauses, and all languages have transformation rules that allow speakers to ask questions, negate sentences, or issue orders.
Language is universal.
explains language learning as a process that results from our encounters with other people and the outer world. And it is because of this need to communicate with others that we can do so.
Vygotsky’s Social Interactionist theory
Language is a social phenomenon.
Vygotsky’s Social Interactionist Theory
Language is a learned process.
Vygotsky’s Social Interactionist Theory
Language ability is innate in humans.
Chomsky’s Nativism Theory
Social interaction is relevant to language acquisition and cognitive abilities
Vygotsky’s Social Interactionist Theory
Language Acquisition Device (LAD) is a set of learning language tools.
Chomsky’s Nativism Theory
There is the Universal Grammar (UG) in which all human languages are build
Chomsky’s Nativism Theory
language is a dynamic mechanism for information exchange among speech community members. It serves as a platform for the presentation of functional meaning, including the expression of emotions, persuasion, information gathering and dissemination, and the incitement of others to act in a certain way.
Functionalists
This perspective on language places more emphasis on its meaning and functions than its grammatical features, which results in language instruction materials that are organized according to categories of meaning and functions rather than by grammar and structure-related components.
Functionalists
language is a tool for creating interpersonal connections and carrying out social interactions between people. It is a technique for establishing and preserving social connections through dialogue.
i
According to this theory, language learning is not just a matter of acquiring the rules of grammar and vocabulary, but it is also a social process that involves interaction with others.
Interactionist
