Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Limnology | LIM 301 > Introduction to Limnology > Flashcards

Introduction to Limnology Flashcards

1
Q

study of structural and functional interrelationships of organisms of inland waters as they are affected by dynamic physical, chemical, and biotic environments

A

Limnology

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

water bodies included in the study of Limnology

A
  • Lakes
  • Ponds
  • Rivers
  • Watershed
  • Reservoirs
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Lakes

A
  • in land waters and is a freshwater ecosystem
  • hold standing fresh or saline water
  • larger than ponds
  • enclosed by land and created naturally/man-initiated
  • chemically and physically stable but undergo considerable changes within a year
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Types of Lakes & Their Characteristics

Seepage Lakes

A
  • natural lake
  • has no stream/inlet/outlet
  • limited fishery
  • land-locked
  • low nutrient level
  • susceptible to acidification
  • source: groundwater, runoff, precipitation
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Types of Lakes & Their Characteristics

Groundwater Drainage

A
  • natural lake
  • has no inlet but has outlet (overflow)
  • source coming from groundwater flowing at the bottom, runoff, and precipitation
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Types of Lakes & Their Characteristics

Drainage/ Drained Lakes

A
  • natural lake
  • has stream/inlet/outlet
  • has higher nutrient level
  • water level fluctuates depending on supply
  • support different species of fishes
  • has access to other water bodies, but different to stream
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Types of Lakes & Their Characteristics

Drainage/ Drained Lakes

A
  • natural lake
  • has stream/inlet/outlet
  • has higher nutrient level
  • water level fluctuates depending on supply
  • support different species of fishes
  • has access to other water bodies, but different to stream
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Types of Lakes & Their Characteristics

Coastal Lagoons

A
  • natural lakes
  • separated from sea by sandbars (gravel, fine sediments)
  • associated with estuaries
  • large seasonal variation in salinity bc it comes from both the sea and river
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Types of Lakes & Their Characteristics

Impoundments or Reservoirs

A
  • man-made lakes
  • result from dug minig operations (quarry lakes)
  • support fish populations
  • has inlet and outlets
  • for agri, power generation, flood control, drinking water supply
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Classification: Origin

Glacial lakes

A
  • from scouring large shallow basins from rocks due to ice activities
  • v-shaped valleys transform to u-shaped valleys bc of glacial erosions
  • cirque lakes: depressions filled with water
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Classification: Origin

Glacial lakes

A
  • from scouring large shallow basins from rocks due to ice activities
  • v-shaped valleys transform to u-shaped valleys bc of glacial erosions
  • cirque lakes: depressions filled with water
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Classification: Origin

Rift Valley or Tectonic Lakes

A
  • found in fault lines
  • deep lakes
  • Landslide lakes: formed from catastrophic events, collapsing of debris
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Classification: Origin

Depression Lakes

A
  • formed from process: up-warping, down-warping, and drainage reversal during Pleistocene era
  • small & shallow, cover great lakes
  • origin: remnants of large bodies of water partly filled with siltation or uplifting of earth’s crust
  • endorheic - very saline over time
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Classification: Origin

Volcanic Lakes

A
  • volcanic origin, formed in calderas by subsidence of magma chambers
  • inactive (caldera lakes)
  • craters of extinct volcanoes (crater lakes)
  • relatively small and isolated
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Classification: Origin

River Lakes

A
  • result from erosive forces of rivers
  • sediments are resuspended and deposited downstream
  • oxbow lake: crescent-shaped, small lakes in river valleys
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Classification: Origin

Salt lakes or Saline lakes

A
  • no natural outlets
  • water evaporate rapidly
  • higher-than-normal salt content
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Coastal lakes

A
  • formed along irregularities of the sea

- process promoted by currents and produce fresh to brackish (salty but not as salty) water

15
Q

Coastal lakes

A
  • formed along irregularities of the sea

- process promoted by currents and produce fresh to brackish (salty but not as salty) water

16
Q

Classification: Origin

Karstic lakes

A
  • result of collapsed cave
  • form in calcareous regions
  • karstification: running over water dissolve carbonate constituting rocks
  • water solluble rocks: gypsum, limestones, dolomite
17
Q

Classification: Richness

Oligotrophic lakes

A
  • less DO, nutrient poor lakes or glacial origins
  • deep, transparent water with few organisms
  • made up of mainly granite
18
Q

Classification: Richness

Mesotrophic lakes

A
  • meso: some, balanced nutrient status

- allow thermal stratification causing diff abundance of nutrients, phytoplankton & zooplankton

19
Q

Classification: Richness

Eutrophic Lakes

A
  • nutrient-enriched
  • algal blooms
  • intensive agricultural activities around
  • shallow, soft, mocky bottom
  • water not clear, tea color
19
Q

Classification: Richness

Eutrophic Lakes

A
  • nutrient-enriched
  • algal blooms
  • intensive agricultural activities around
  • shallow, soft, mocky bottom
  • water not clear, tea color
20
Q

Classification: Richness

Dystrophic Lakes

A
  • aka humic lakes, poor in nutrients
  • bogs and marshes
  • low food value
  • brown water, full of soil particles
  • high concentrations of tannic acids (decay vegetation)
21
Q

Classification: Richness

Hypertrophic lakes

A

-nutrient-enriched lakes
- low transparency
contain devastating algal blooms
- poor ecosystems, low DO
- cyanobacteria

22
Q

Classification: Mixing and Stratification

Holomictic lakes

A
  • completely mixed, reach uniform T & density from top to bottom once a year
22
Q

Classification: Mixing and Stratification

Holomictic lakes

A
  • completely mixed, reach uniform T & density from top to bottom once a year
23
Q

Classification: Mixing and Stratification

Monomictic

A
  • mix from top to bottom during 1 mixing period a year

2 types: (1) warm monomictic - thermally stratified, never freeze (2) cold monomictic) - inversely stratified

24
Q

Classification: Mixing and Stratification

Dimictic Lakes

A
  • mix from top to bottom in 2 mixing periods a year (autumn and spring)
25
Q

Classification: Mixing and Stratification

Polymictic Lakes

A
  • holomictic lakes mixing several times a year
  • shallow to develop thermal stratification
  • types: (1) cold polymictic - 4 degrees top to bottom, (2) warm polmictic - beks down often
25
Q

Classification: Mixing and Stratification

Polymictic Lakes

A
  • holomictic lakes mixing several times a year
  • shallow to develop thermal stratification
  • types: (1) cold polymictic - 4 degrees top to bottom, (2) warm polmictic - beks down often
26
Q

Classification: Mixing and Stratification

Oligomictic lakes

A
  • irregular mixing, do not occur every year

infrequent mixing

27
Q

Classification: Mixing and Stratification

Amictic lakes

A
  • never mix / circulate
  • usually ice covered throughout the year
    4 degrees below ice water (highest density)
28
Q

Classification: Mixing and Stratification

Meromictic lakes

A
  • bottom (dangerous) never mixes with surface water
  • dissolved substance found at bottom
    *mixolimnion - superficial layers, possible mixing (epilimnion, thermocline, hyplimnion)
    *chemocline / pycnocline - deep layer, never mix, intermediate and sudden change
    [ectogenic - transport saltwater to freshwater]
    [cryogenic- saline spring at bottom of lake]
    [biogenic - salts from organic matter]
29
Q

Lake Zonation

Littoral Zone

A
  • horizontlly extending from shore to point, submerged macrophytes and benthic algae can live
  • emergent plants, submergent, floating-leaved
  • reached by solar radiations including photic zone
30
Q

Lake Zonation

Pelagic Zone

A
  • open sea / ocean

- comprising the water column

31
Q

Lake Zonation

Photic zone

A

-vertically extending, from surface to depth, reached by solar radiation

32
Q

Lake Zonation

Aphotic zone

A
  • water column not reached by solar radiation
33
Q

Epilimnion / Hypolimnion

A
  • overlaying or underlaying layers
34
Q

Thermocline / Metalimnion

A
  • layer where T change by 1 Centigrade
35
Q

Benthic zone

A
  • located at water sediment interface
  • soil part
  • include aphotic zone - profound benthic zone
35
Q

Benthic zone

A
  • located at water sediment interface
  • soil part
  • include aphotic zone - profound benthic zone

Limnology | LIM 301 (1 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions