Introduction to Law

Question 1

Criminal Law

Answer 1

Prosecuted by a governmental body involving a matter of consern to society as a whole

Question 2

Civil Law

Answer 2

Pursued by an individual or group of people, a business, or a governmental body acting in a private capacity; result may be damages or court

Question 3

Municipal Law

Answer 3

Local law (as opposed to federal or state law)

Question 4

Constitution

Answer 4

One of five sources of lega authority

Question 5

Legislation

Answer 5

Supreme source of legal authority; also called code or statute; enacted by an elected body (e.g., Congress)

Question 6

Code

Answer 6

Legislation; also called statute

Question 7

Statute

Answer 7

Legislation: also called code

Question 8

Judicial Decisions

Answer 8

Source of legal authority; also called common law or precedent

Question 9

Common Law

Answer 9

Judicial decisions; also called precedent

Question 10

Case Law

Answer 10

Judicial decisions

Question 11

Precedent

Answer 11

Judicial decisions; also called common law; past decisions used to jusify current decisions

Question 12

Administrative Agency

Answer 12

Source of legal authority; administers a particular law or program

Question 13

Regulations

Answer 13

Established by administrative agencies

Question 14

Executive Actions

Answer 14

Source of legal authority; including orders signed by the President or governor

Question 15

Cite

Answer 15

Verb form of citiation (i.e., to cite)

Question 16

Interoffice Memo

Answer 16

Also called objective memo, analyzes fact situation with citations to sources of law

Question 17

Objective Memo

Answer 17

Also called interoffice memo, analyzes fact situation with citations to legal authority

Question 18

Adversarial

Answer 18

Argues a position

Question 19

Primary Authority

Answer 19

One of the five sources of law

Question 20

Secondary Authority

Answer 20

Materal such as textbooks and articles that help locate (finding tools) and understand primary law; form books, handbooks, encyclopedias, digests, etc,; not actual law

Question 21

Statutory Interpretation

Answer 21

Interpretation of statute’s terms; also called statutory construction

Question 22

CALR

Answer 22

Computer-assisted legal research system

Question 23

Loislaw

Answer 23

CALR subscription bundled with this book

Question 24

Search Query

Answer 24

Terms and connectors or natural language used in CALR search

Question 25

Connector

Answer 25

Symbol describing relationship between CALR search terms

Question 26

Root Expander

Answer 26

Symbol used to pick up work variations in a CALR searc

Question 27

Wildcard

Answer 27

Symbol used to pick up work variations in a CALR search

Question 28

Variants

Answer 28

Different forms of a root work

Question 29

Topic

Answer 29

Generally, statutes are organized by topic, breaking the code into titles, acts, chapters, or sections

Question 30

Titles

Answer 30

See Topic

Question 31

Codify

Answer 31

To enter a statute into a tropical system

Question 32

Annotated Statute

Answer 32

Statute with references to articles, cases, and other materials that explain and interpret the law

Question 33

Trial Court

Answer 33

Court in which most cases start, generally concerned with deciding issues of fact

Question 34

Issues of Fact

Answer 34

Trial courts use testimoney and evidence to decide facts (i.e., what happend)

Question 35

Legal Issues

Answer 35

Determining appropriate consequences of the facts or whether a trial court handled a case properly

Question 36

Affirm

Answer 36

Appellate or highter court's decision to support or uphold the decision of the lower court

Question 37

Reverse

Answer 37

Appellate or highter court's decision to invalidate the decision of the lower court

Question 38

Remand

Answer 38

Appellate or highter court's decision to send the case back to the lower court

Question 39

Modify

Answer 39

Appellate or highter court's decision to change the decision of the lower court

Question 40

Dissenting Opinion

Answer 40

Opinion written by a judge who disagrees with the majority; not law but provides interesting facts and opinions about case

Question 41

Majority Decision

Answer 41

That which governs the outcome of cases; also called decision of the court

Question 42

Decision of the Court

Answer 42

Majority decision, governs outcome of the case

Question 43

Concurring Opinion

Answer 43

Written by a judge who agrees with majority decision but for different reasons

Question 44

Synopsis

Answer 44

Summary of case, often provided in publishers' enhancements

Question 45

Headnotes

Answer 45

Summaries of individual points made in the case

Question 46

Procedural History

Answer 46

The history of the court decisions that have moved the case to its current position

Question 47

Timeline

Answer 47

A schedule of the times at which certain events took place

Question 48

Appellant

Answer 48

Party bringing an appeal; lost in the lower court

Question 49

Appelle

Answer 49

The party that won in the lower court

Question 50

Err

Answer 50

To make an error

Question 51

Liable

Answer 51

Found responsible

Question 52

Case at Hand

Answer 52

The case under consideration

Question 53

Analogize

Answer 53

To compare casesand find them to be different

Question 54

Distinguish

Answer 54

To compare cases and find them similar

Question 55

Jump Cite

Answer 55

The exact page number on which a fact or quote appears in a case

Question 56

Brief

Answer 56

Short case summary

Question 57

Citation

Answer 57

Address at which authority is found in law books or online

Question 58

Holding

Answer 58

Answer to the legal issue in a judicial decision

Question 59

Reasoning

Answer 59

Summary of the court's explanation of its decision