Introduction to Lactation and breast-milk Protein Composition Flashcards
Breastfeeding is also known as?
Exterior gestation
What is the magic hour?
hour where skin on skin is important to comfort the baby.
Why should the baby breastfeed as soon as possible?
To stimulate hormones in the mother after the drop of progesterone and estrogen at the end of pregnancy.
Why is a support system necessary to begin breastfeeding?
to learn how to do it, not be afraid, get used to it and to stick with it
The suckling stimulus causes the release of what hormones?
release of Prolactin and oxytocin
Where is prolactin released from?
Anterior pituitary
What does Prolactin do?
stimulate production of milk by alveolar cells in mammary gland
Where is oxytocin released from?
Posterior Pituitary
What does oxytocin do in breastfeeding?
Stimulate the Myoepithelial cells in mammary glands to contract to expel the milk from the breast
What does oxytocin do outside of its involvement in breastfeeding?
induces mothering response by increasing bonding and emotional ties.
thought to act on brain by neurotransmitters
also help uterus return to original size
What effect does breastfeeding have on ovulation and how?
suppresses ovulation by decreased levels of progesterone and estrogen with increased levels of prolactin
Does a women who is breastfeeding need contraceptives?
No, if the baby is exclusively breastfeeding. has to be pretty frequent
What are the advantages of breastfeeding?
proper jaw and tooth development bacteriologically safe and always fresh anti-infectious agents and immune cells nutritionally superior lower risk of food allergy
What are the sources of milk components?
transferred from maternal plasma
synthesized from secretory cells from maternal plasma precursors
Synthesized from other mammary cells in situ
What is colostrum?
Breast-milk first 5-7 days
Compared to mature milk, what nutritional differences does colostrum have?
more protein and mineral content (Na, K, Cl),
less energy, fat and lactose content
high carotenoid content
What is Transitional milk?
milk at 7 days to 3-4 milk
Compared to mature milk, what nutritional differences does Transitional milk have?
less protein more lactose and fat
What is mature milk? What is it separated into?
After the first month
Fore-milk and Hind-milk
Is the mature milk nutritional content constant?
No, changes according to needs (time of day or age)
When comparing to average mature milk, early morning milk is characterized by?
more water and lactose to hydrate
called fore-milk
What is Hind-milk and what is it characterized by nutritionally?
Higher in fat
Why is hind-milk so crucial for young children?
higher in fat which is good for brain development
In what way does breast-milk provide immunological properties?
direct action against pathogens
modulation of immune response
promotion of growth and maturation of GI tract