Introduction to LA

Question 1

Name some formulas of local anaesthetic

Answer 1

1. Articaine 4% with epinephrine
2. Bupivacaine 0.5% with epinephrine
3. Lidocaine 2% with epinephrine
4. Mepivacaine 2% with levonordefrin
5. Mepivacaine 3% plain
6. Prilocaine 4% with epinephrine or plain

Question 2

What is the max dose of 2% lidocaine plain in mg/kg and no of cartridges

Answer 2

4.4mg/kg
7 cartridges

Question 3

What is the max dose of 2% lidocaine with adrenaline in mg/kg and no of cartridges

Answer 3

6.6mg/ Kg
10 cartridges

Question 4

Which cranial nerve are we aiming to anaesthetise when administrating LA

Answer 4

Trigeminal nerve

Question 5

Name the 3 division of the trigeminal nerve

Answer 5

V1: Ophthalmic divison
V2: Maxillary division
V3: Mandibular division

Question 6

Which of the divisions of the trigeminal nerves is the largest

Answer 6

The mandibular division

Question 7

Describe the mandibular division of the trigeminal nerve

Answer 7

Conveys afferent sensory and efferent motor fibres

Question 8

What do the motor fibres of V3 do

Answer 8

They innervate the:
1. muscles of mastication
2. Mylohyoid muscle
3. Anterior belly of the digastric muscle
4. Tenor veli palatini
5. Tensor tympani muscle

Question 9

What does V3 divide into

Answer 9

The anterior and posterior trunks

Question 10

Describe the anterior trunk of V3

Answer 10

It is predominantly muscular

Question 11

Describe the posterior trunk of V3

Answer 11

Mainly sensory

Question 12

What does the anterior trunk of V3 give rise to

Answer 12

The motor branches supplying the masticatory muscles

Question 13

Which key nerve originates fro the anterior trunk of v3

Answer 13

The long buccal nerve

Question 14

Describe the path of the inferior alveolar nerve

Answer 14

1. Branches from the mandibular nerve below the Forman ovate passing down between the lateral nd pterygoid muscles
2. Enters the mandibular foramen along with its artery

Question 15

What is the mandibular foramen shielded by

Answer 15

By lingula

Question 16

Describe the lingula

Answer 16

Formed as a pointed and thin bony spicule

Question 17

What is the lingula

Answer 17

It is the lower attachment point of the sphenomandibular ligament which extends from the sphenoid bone to the ramus.

Question 18

What does the mandibular nerve supply

Answer 18

The pulps of all the teeth on its own side and part of the periodontal ligament

Question 19

Name a key branch of the inferior alveolar nerve

Answer 19

The mental nerve

Question 20

Where does the mental nerve go after brach9ng from the inferior alveolar nerve

Answer 20

Exits through the mental foramen

Question 21

Where is the mental foramen located

Answer 21

Usually located at the apices of the premolars

Question 22

What does the mental nerve supply

Answer 22

It supplies sensation to the skin of the chin lower lip, mucosa of the lip and gingival attachment

Question 23

Name the largest branch of the posterior trunk of the mandibular division of the trigeminal nerve

Answer 23

Lingual nerve

Question 24

Where does the lingual nerve emerge from

Answer 24

Emerges from the between the 2 pterygoid muscles about 1cm in from of and medial to the inferior alveolar nerve

Question 25

What does the lingual Neve supply

Answer 25

It is the sensory nerve to the: 1. anterior 2/3rd of the tongue 2. Floor of the mouth 3. Lingual aspect of the mandible

Question 26

What is the chorda tympani

Answer 26

It carries both the sensory from the geniculate ganglion and pregangionic parasympathetic nerve fibres

Question 27

If we are going to carry out exodontia or minor oral surgery on mandibular teeth which nerves MUST we anaesthetise

Answer 27

1. Inferior alveolar nerve or mental nerve 2. Long buccal nerve 3. Lingual nerve