Introduction to Human Anatomy & Physiology Flashcards
Refers to both internal and external structures of the body and their physical relationships
Anatomy
Two GREEK words that make up Anatomy
avá (aná or ana) meaning “up”
temno meaning “I cut”
Scientific study on how the body works - functions and activities of living organisms
Physiology
Two GREEK words that make up Physiology
(Phusis) meaning “nature, origin”
(-logia) meaning “study of”
Standard anatomical position
standing upright
Arms at the sides of torso
Elbows extended
Palms face forward
Fingers extended
Thumbs away from body
Feet slightly parallel
Toes oriented to the front
Directional Terms
Location of body parts relative to each other
Body planes
Sections of the body wherein a 2 - dimensional plane passes through
The front or direction toward the front of the body
Anterior (or Ventral)
The back or direction toward the back of the body
Posterior (or Dorsal)
Above or higher than another part of the body proper
Superior (or Cranial)
Below or lower than another part of the body proper; Near or toward the tail (coccyx in humans)
Inferior (or Caudal)
The side or away from the midline of the body
Lateral
The middle or towards the midline of the body
Medial
A position in a limb that is nearer to the point of attachment or the trunk of the body
Proximal
A position in a limb that is farther from the point of attachment or the trunk of the body
Distal
Closer to the surface of the body
Superficial
Closer to the surface of the body
Superficial
Farther form the surface of the body
Deep
Dividing the human body or organs into sections by passing a 2-dimensional plane through it
Anatomical planes
- divides the body or organ vertically
- left side or right side
Sagittal Plane
If middle of body
Midsagittal/median plane
if not middle of the body
Parasagittal/longitudinal plane
Divides the body or organ into anterior and posterior
(Also called coronal plane)
Frontal Plane
Divides the body or organ horizontally
Superior and inferior sections
(This plane produces images referred to as cross sections)
Transverse Plane
