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Hair Cutting > Introduction To Haircutting > Flashcards

Introduction To Haircutting Flashcards

1
Q

What is shape?

A

Consists of height and width only

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2
Q

What are common shapes in haircutting?

A

Triangle, square, and round

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3
Q

What is form?

A

Form is a 3-dimensional representation of a shape.

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4
Q

How is form created?

A

Through height, width, and depth

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5
Q

What are the 2 principles of hair design?

A

Shape and form

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6
Q

What are the 3 dimensions of haircutting?

A
  1. Height
  2. Width
  3. Depth
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7
Q

What is height?

A

The vertical extent. It’s measurement up and down.

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8
Q

What is width?

A

The horizontal extent . The measurement from side to side.

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9
Q

What is depth?

A

A dimension taken through an object.

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10
Q

How is depth measured?

A

Measured by holding the hair directly out from the head.

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11
Q

What are the 3 lines used in haircutting?

A

Horizontal, vertical, and diagonal

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12
Q

What are horizontal lines parallel to?

A

The horizon

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13
Q

Horizontal lines direct the eye from what?

A

Side to side

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14
Q

What do horizontal lines do?

A

To build weight and used to create one-lengths and low-elevation haircuts

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15
Q

What are horizontal lines related to?

A

The width of the hair

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16
Q

What is vertical?

A

Up and down and perpendicular to the floor

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17
Q

What do vertical lines do?

A

Remove weight to create graduated or layered haircuts.

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18
Q

What are vertical lines often used with?

A

Higher elevations

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19
Q

What are vertical lines related to?

A

The length of the hair

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20
Q

What are diagonal lines?

A

Between horizontal and vertical

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21
Q

What direction is diagonal lines?

A

Slanting or sloping

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22
Q

What direction is diagonal lines?

A

Slanting or sloping

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23
Q

What are diagonal lines used for?

A

Create fullness in a haircut and to blend long layers

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24
Q

What does elevation mean?

A

The angle or degree in which the hair is held or elevated from the head when cutting

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25
Q

What is elevation also referred as?

A

Projection or lifting the hair

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26
Q

What movement is elevation?

A

Vertical movement of the hair up or down

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27
Q

What does elevation create ?

A

One length graduation and layers

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28
Q

What is elevation described in?

A

Degrees

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29
Q

How is elevation controlled?

A

By the upper body

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30
Q

Blunt/1length=

A

0 degree elevation.
All the hair comes to a single hanging level, forming a weight line.

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31
Q

Blunt/1length=

A

0 degree elevation.
All the hair comes to a single hanging level, forming a weight line.

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32
Q

Graduation=

A

1-89 degrees.
A visual build-up of weight in a given area against the head

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33
Q

Layers=

A

Over 90 degrees.
Creates movement and volume in the hair by releasing weight

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34
Q

Define overdirection

A

Occurs when hair is combed away from its natural falling position toward a guideline

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35
Q

What is the direct result of overdirection?

A

Shape

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36
Q

How is shape identified?

A

By the visual characteristics of the haircut

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37
Q

What is a round cut?

A

Hair is shorter in the front and longer towards the back

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38
Q

How is a round cut created?

A

Through overdirection of hair forward to maintain length through the back.

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39
Q

What is a square cut?

A

A strong linear shape with equal movement forward and backward

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40
Q

How is a square cut created?

A

Overdirection forward and backwards maintains length at the 4 corners of the head

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41
Q

What is a triangle shaped cut?

A

An increase of length towards the face

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42
Q

How is the triangle shaped cut created?

A

Overdirection backward maintains length towards the face

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43
Q

What is overdirection used for?

A

To create length within a haircut

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44
Q

What directions can overdirection be used in?

A

Forward or backward across the head

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45
Q

What kind of movement is overdirection?

A

Horizontal movement within the hair

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46
Q

What does overdirection create?

A

Shape

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47
Q

What is overdirection controlled by?

A

The lower body

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48
Q

What is a segment?

A

One of the 4 parts when the hair is divided into a T-part

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49
Q

What’s a panel?

A

A smaller working area within a segment

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50
Q

What’s a section?

A

The hair actually held with the fingers as you cut

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51
Q

What’s a subsection?

A

A smaller working area within the section

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52
Q

What is natural fall?

A

How the hair falls naturally from the head

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53
Q

What is a profile part?

A

Line from frontal to nape.
Vertical line that separates the head from left to right

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54
Q

What is a division line?

A

Separates the front segments of the hair from the back segments of the hair

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55
Q

What is a division line also known as?

A

Radial parting

56
Q

What are partings?

A

Lines that subdivide sections of the hair in order to separate, distribute and control the hair while cutting

57
Q

Define apex

A

The highest point on the top of the head. Determines the distribution of the hair

58
Q

Define crown

A

Between the apex and the parietal ridge.
Often the site of cowlicks and whorls and demands special attention

59
Q

Define occipital area

A

The bone that protrudes at the base of the crown

60
Q

Define parietal ridge

A

The widest area of the head extending from the frontal area and below the crown

61
Q

Define parietal ridge

A

The widest area of the head extending from the frontal area and below the crown

62
Q

What 3 areas is the parietal ridge broken down into?

A

Low, mid and high occipital

63
Q

Define nape

A

The concave area found just under the low occipital area. Represents the end of the hairline

64
Q

Define mastoid process

A

Small bone located just behind the ear into the hairline

65
Q

Define frontal

A

Area best suited for fringe

66
Q

Define temporal

A

Begins at the front hairline and ends above the tip of the ear

67
Q

Define recession

A

Where hair recedes along the front hairline

68
Q

Define planes of the head

A

Determined by the bone structure of the skull.
Horizontal, diagonal and vertical planes found on the head

69
Q

What are the 10 reference points of the head?

A
  1. Apex
  2. Crown
  3. Occipital Area
  4. Parietal Ridge
  5. Nape
  6. Mastoid process
  7. Frontal
  8. Temporal
  9. Recession
  10. Planes of the head
70
Q

What are the 5 steps to the progression of a shape? (Haircut)

A
  1. Cut the basic shape
  2. Refinement
  3. Crosscheck
  4. Personalize
  5. Blow dry
71
Q

What are the 3 steps of how to crosscheck?

A
  1. Opposite partings
  2. Same elevation
  3. Same overdirection
72
Q

What are the 6 parts of scissors

A
  1. Tang or finger brace
  2. Finger grip
  3. Thumb grip
  4. Pivot screw
  5. Moving blade
  6. Still blade
73
Q

What are the 6 parts of scissors

A
  1. Tang or finger brace
  2. Finger grip
  3. Thumb grip
  4. Pivot screw
  5. Moving blade
  6. Still blade
74
Q

What are they 3 steps to scissor safety

A
  1. Always palm shears when combing or parting the hair
  2. Do not cut past your second knuckle
  3. Take extra care when cutting around the ears
75
Q

What are the 4 hand positions?

A
  1. Palm down
  2. Palm up
  3. Palm to palm
  4. Overhand
76
Q

What is the position of palm down?

A

Palm is positioned down when cutting- used for cutting solid shapes such as fringe

77
Q

What is the position of palm up?

A

Palm is positioned up when cutting- commonly used when cutting diagonal lines

78
Q

What is the position of palm to palm?

A

Palm of the cutting hand faces the palm of the cutting hand.
Used when cutting below the mid-occipital

79
Q

What is the position of overhand?

A

When lifting hair over the head or when creating layers cut over the fingers

80
Q

Define tension

A

The amount of pressure applied when combing and holding a section, created by stretching or pulling the subsection

81
Q

Tension ranges from…..

A

Medium to maximum

82
Q

What is tension controlled by?

A

The fingers

83
Q

Why is consistent tension important?

A

For constant and even results in a haircut

84
Q

What does no tension mean?

A

One length using loose teeth of comb
Palm up or palm down

85
Q

What does medium tension mean?

A

Graduation/cutting inside the fingers
Palm to palm

86
Q

What is maximum tension?

A

Layers/cutting over the fingers with tight teeth of comb.
Overhand

87
Q

What are the 2 cutting guides

A

Stationary and traveling guideline

88
Q

What’s a stationary guideline?

A

Does not move. All other sections are combed to the stationary guideline and cut at the same angle and length.

89
Q

When are stationary guidelines used?

A

Used in one-lengths or if using overdirection to create a length or weight increase within the hair.

90
Q

What is a traveling guideline?

A

Moveable guideline that moves as the haircut progresses.

91
Q

When is a traveling guide used?

A

Used to create layers and graduation

92
Q

What is the shape of a square one length?

A

Square

93
Q

What is the overdirection of a square one length cut?

A

Forward/backward (4 corners)

94
Q

What is the cutting guide used for a square one length cut?

A

Stationary

95
Q

What line is used when creating a square one length cut?

A

Horizontal

96
Q

What line is used when creating a square one length cut?

A

Horizontal

97
Q

Where should your lower body be during a square one length cut?

A

in front of the section to be cut

98
Q

What amount of tension is needed during a square one length cut?

A

None or loose teeth side of comb

99
Q

What hand position is used during a square one length cut?

A

Palm up/palm down

100
Q

What technique is used when creating a square one length cut?

A

One length

101
Q

What elevation is used for a square one length cut?

A

0 Degrees

102
Q

Where should your upper body be during a square one length cut?

A

Arms square

103
Q

Where should your upper body be during a square one length cut?

A

Arms square

104
Q

What shape is used when creating a square layer cut?

A

Square

105
Q

What overdirection is used during a square layer cut?

A

Forward/back

106
Q

What cutting guide is used when creating a square layer cut?

A

Traveling

107
Q

What line is used during a square layer cut?

A

Vertical/ horizontal

108
Q

Where is your lower body during a square layer cut?

A

In front of section to be cut

109
Q

How much tension is used during a square layer cut?

A

Maximum

110
Q

What technique is used during a square layer cut?

A

Layer

111
Q

What hand position is used during a square layer cut?

A

Overhand

112
Q

How much elevation is needed for a square layer cut?

A

90 degrees

113
Q

Where is your upper body during a square layer cut?

A

Arms square

114
Q

What shape is needed for a round one length cut?

A

Round

115
Q

What overdirection is used fora round one length cut?

A

None. Slightly backward at front of hairline

116
Q

What cutting guide is used for a round one length cut?

A

Stationary

117
Q

What lines are used for a round one length cut?

A

Horizontal diagonal back

118
Q

Where is your lower body during a round one length cut?

A

In front of the section to be cut

119
Q

How much tension is needed for a round one length cut?

A

None

120
Q

What hand position is used for a round one length cut?

A

Palm down/palm up

121
Q

How much elevation is needed for a round one length cut?

A

0 degrees

122
Q

Where is your upper body during a round one length cut?

A

Arms round

123
Q

What shape is used for a round layer?

A

Round

124
Q

What overdirection is used for a round layer cut?

A

Forward to the previous

125
Q

What cutting guide is used for a round layer cut?

A

Traveling

126
Q

What lines are used for a round layer cut?

A

Vertical diagonal forward/vertical diagonal back

127
Q

How is your lower body for a round layer cut?

A

Round

128
Q

How much tension is used for a round layer cut?

A

Maximum

129
Q

What technique is used for a round layer cut?

A

Layer

130
Q

What hand position is used for a round layer cut?

A

Overhand

131
Q

How much elevation is used for a round layer cut?

A

90 degrees

132
Q

How should your upper body be during a round layer cut?

A

Arms round

133
Q

What is the shape of a triangle one length cut?

A

Triangle

134
Q

What overdirection is used for a triangle one length cut?

A

None. Slightly backward at front of hairline

135
Q

What cutting guide is used for a triangle one length cut?

A

Stationary

136
Q

What lines are needed for a triangle one length cut?

A

Horizontal diagonal forward

Hair Cutting (1 decks)

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