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THE CONTEMPORARY WORLD > INTRODUCTION TO GLOBALIZATION > Flashcards

INTRODUCTION TO GLOBALIZATION Flashcards

1
Q

A group of people with a common history, culture, and emotional ties, not necessarily tied to a specific territory.

A

NATION

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2
Q

A political entity with a defined territory, government, population, and sovereignty.

A

STATE

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3
Q

What are the four essential elements of a state?

A

population, territory, government, and sovereignty.

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4
Q

Can a nation exist without a defined territory?

A

Yes, nations can exist without a defined territory.

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5
Q

Can a state exist without sovereignty?

A

No, sovereignty is essential for the existence of a state.

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6
Q

Give an example of a nation without a state.

A

KURDISH PEOPLE

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6
Q

Which document defines the qualifications of a state?

A

The Montevideo Convention on the Rights and Duties of the State (1933).

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7
Q

What does sovereignty mean for a state?

A

The ability to govern itself without external interference.

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8
Q

What is the significance of a defined territory for a state?

A

It provides a specific area where the state exercises authority and governance.

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9
Q

Why is a government necessary for a state?

A

It enforces laws and ensures order and security within the territory.

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10
Q

The economic disparity between developed (North) and developing (South) countries.

A

North-South Divide

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11
Q

The cultural and ideological clash between Western democracies and Eastern autocracies

A

East-West Collision

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12
Q

What does the term BRICS stand for?

A

Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa.

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13
Q

Which countries are considered Newly Industrialized Countries (NICs)?

A

Japan, Taiwan, South Korea, and Singapore.

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14
Q

How did Western countries influence modernization?

A

By equating modernization with Westernization.

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15
Q

What cultural values are associated with the West?

A

Democracy and liberalism.

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16
Q

What economic strategy helped East Asian countries grow rapidly?

A

Export-oriented industrialization.

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17
Q

Which two countries’ rivalry exemplifies the “Friction” metaphor of globalization?

A

The United States and China.

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18
Q

What is one impact of economic globalization on the global workforce?

A

Migration and movement of skilled labor.

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19
Q

Name a significant trade agreement that exemplifies “Flow” in globalization.

A

NAFTA (North American Free Trade Agreement).

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20
Q

What does Manfred Steger’s definition of globalization focus on?

A

Expansion and intensification of social relations and consciousness.

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21
Q

Define globalization according to Thomas Friedman.

A

The interweaving of markets, technology, information, and telecommunication systems, shrinking the world and enabling global reach.

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22
Q

According to Anthony Giddens, what is globalization?

A

Intensification of worldwide social relations linking distant localities.

23
Q

What is the IMF’s definition of globalization?

A

Increasing integration of economies through goods, services, and capital movement.

24
Q

The spread and popularization of technological devices and digital platforms.

A

TECHNOLOGICAL GLOBALIZATION

24
Q

Name one dimension of globalization according to Anthony Giddens.

A

The world capitalist economy.

25
Q

What dimension involves the spread of cultural values and ideas?

A

CULTURAL GLOBALIZATION-.

26
Q

Global environmental challenges such as climate change.

A

ECOLOGICAL GLOBALIZATION

27
Q

The expansion of global governance systems and international organizations.

A

POLITICAL GLOBALIZATION

28
Q

The integration of global financial markets and investment flows.

A

FINANCIAL GLOBALIZATION

29
Q

What are the six Typologies of Globalization?

A

ECONOMIC GLOBALIZATION
POLITICAL GLOBALIZATION
CULTURAL GLOBALIZATION
FINANCIAL GLOBALIZATION
TECHNOLOGICAL GLOBALIZATION
ECOLOGICAL GLOBALIZATION

30
Q

nterdependence of global economies due to trade, investment, and technology diffusion.

A

ECONOMIC GLOBALIZATION

31
Q

What is an example of political globalization?

A

The United Nations’ evolving influence and complexity.

32
Q

What is an example of ecological globalization?

A

The Paris Climate Agreement of 2015.

33
Q

What role does technological globalization play in global interconnectedness?

A

It allows the rapid spread of information and communication technology.

34
Q

What is one negative impact of cultural globalization?

A

The erosion of local cultures.

35
Q

How does financial globalization affect local economies?

A

It can lead to financial volatility due to interconnected markets

35
Q

What is a challenge posed by political globalization?

A

Balancing national sovereignty with global governance.

36
Q

Lifting barriers to allow the free movement of goods, people, and information.

A

FLOW

37
Q

Conflict and crisis generated by the open market

A

FRICTION

38
Q

Exponential growth of technological capacity and the potential for economic disruption.

A

ACCELERATION

39
Q

Start-up innovations challenging established markets and industries.

A

DISRUPTION

40
Q

Displacement due to global changes like technological and economic shifts.

A

DISLOCATION

41
Q

Through the development of infrastructure like airports, bridges, and efficient education systems.

A

CONNECTIVITY

42
Q

What is one risk associated with “Acceleration”?

A

Data security and the rise of artificial intelligence.

43
Q

What is an example of “Friction” in globalization?

A

Trade wars and economic disputes between countries.

44
Q

What is a major outcome of “Dislocation”?

A

Job displacement and market disruptions.

45
Q

How does “Connectivity” impact global trade?

A

It facilitates faster and more efficient trade routes and communications.

46
Q

Who is considered the earliest driver of globalization?

A

Empires like the Roman and Chinese empires.

47
Q

What role did the Silk Road play in globalization?

A

It established commercial links between East and West.

48
Q

What is the impact of technological innovations on globalization?

A

They remove barriers to communication and information flow.

49
Q

What was the significance of the collapse of the USSR in globalization?

A

It marked the triumph of capitalism as a global economic system.

50
Q

How did multinational companies influence modern globalization?

A

By spreading capitalism and consumer culture worldwide.

51
Q

What is an example of globalization’s impact on culture?

A

The global reach of brands like Coca-Cola and McDonald’s.

52
Q

What is the significance of “One Belt, One Road”?

A

t’s China’s initiative to revive global trade routes and connectivity.

53
Q

How did World War I shape modern nation-states?

A

It led to the fall of empires and the creation of new nation-states

54
Q

What is an example of “soft infrastructure” in globalization?

A

Education systems that foster innovation and competitiveness.

THE CONTEMPORARY WORLD (1 decks)

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