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BioEpi Self-Study > INTRODUCTION TO EPIDEMIOLOGY > Flashcards

INTRODUCTION TO EPIDEMIOLOGY Flashcards

1
Q

→ study of what befalls a population.

A

epidemiology

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2
Q

the “epi” in epidemiology means?

A

upon

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3
Q

the “demi” in epidemiology means?

A

people

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4
Q

T or F. Statistics is the study of the distribution and determinants of health-related states or events in specified populations, and the application of this study to the control of health problems.

A

F (epi)

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5
Q

T or F. Epi includes studies of all conditions and circumstances important to man’s health

A

T

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6
Q

What does the “study” mean in the description of epi?

A

scientific, systematic, data-driven

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7
Q

What does the “distribution” mean in the description of epi?

A

frequency, pattern

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8
Q

What does the “determinants” mean in the description of epi?

A

causes, risk factors

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9
Q

What does the “application” mean in the description of epi?

A

application of this study to the control of health problems since epidemiology is a discipline within public health

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10
Q

T or F. Only medical people can be epidemiologists.

A

F

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11
Q

match only one term per activity from key terms taken from the definition of epidemiology:

Graph the number of cases of congenital syphilis by year for the country

A

distribution

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12
Q

match only one term per activity from key terms taken from the definition of epidemiology:

Mark on a map the residences of all children born with birth defects within 2 kilometers of a hazardous waste site

A

Distribution

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13
Q

match only one term per activity from key terms taken from the definition of epidemiology:

Tabulate the frequency of clinical signs, symptoms, and laboratory findings among children with chickenpox in Quezon City

A

determinants

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14
Q

match only one term per activity from key terms taken from the definition of epidemiology:

Recommend that close contacts of a child recently reported with meningococcal meningitis receive Rifampicin

A

application

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15
Q

match only one term per activity from key terms taken from the definition of epidemiology:

Compare frequency of brain cancer among anatomists with frequency in general population

A

application

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16
Q

match only one term per activity from key terms taken from the definition of epidemiology:

Compare food histories between persons with Staphylococcus food poisoning and those without

A

Application

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17
Q

Uses of Epidemiology:

to assess the health of a population or community, relevant sources of data must be identified and analyzed by person, place, and time (descriptive epidemiology)

A

Assessing the community’s health

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18
Q

Uses of Epidemiology:

public health officials responsible for policy development, implementation, and evaluation use epidemiologic information as a factual framework for decision making

A

Assessing the community’s health

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19
Q

uses of epi:

public health officials used epidemiologic data and methods to identify baselines, to set health goals for the nation in a certain year and to monitor progress toward these goals.

A

Assessing the community’s health

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20
Q

responsible for policy development, implementation, and evaluation use epidemiologic information as a factual framework for decision making

A

public health officials

21
Q

uses of epi:

More detailed data may need to be collected and analyzed to determine whether health services are available, accessible, effective, and efficient

A

Assessing the community’s health

22
Q

Which does not belong?

● What are the actual and potential health problems in the community?
● Where are they occurring?
● When did it occur?
● Which populations are at increased risk?
● Which problems have declined over time?
● Which ones are increasing or have the potential to increase?
● How do these patterns relate to the level and distribution of public health services available?

A

● When did it occur? (Assessing the community’s health)

23
Q

Uses of Epi

1950s, epidemiologists reported the increased risk of lung cancer among smokers.

A

Making individual decisions

24
Q

Uses of Epi

1970s, epidemiologists documented the role of
exercise and proper diet in reducing the risk of heart disease.

A

Making individual decisions

25
Q

Uses of Epi

mid-1980s, epidemiologists identified the increased risk of HIV infection associated

A

Making individual decisions

26
Q

Uses of Epi

Using epidemiologic information to make daily decisions affecting health

A

Making individual decisions

27
Q

Uses of Epi

they may be influenced, consciously or unconsciously, by epidemiologists’ assessment of risk

A

Making individual decisions

28
Q

Uses of Epi

use a condom

A

Making individual decisions

29
Q

Uses of Epi

eat a salad rather than a cheeseburger with fries for lunch

A

Making individual decisions

30
Q

Uses of Epi

When investigating a disease outbreak, epidemiologists rely on health-care providers and laboratorians to establish the proper diagnosis of individual patients

A

Completing the clinical picture (To construct or complete the natural history of a disease)

31
Q

T or F. Epidemiologists also contribute to physicians’ understanding of the clinical picture and natural history of disease

A

T

32
Q

Uses of Epi

In late 1989, a physician saw three patients with unexplained eosinophilia and myalgias.

Although the physician could not make a definitive diagnosis, he notified public health authorities.

Within weeks, epidemiologists had identified enough other cases to characterize the spectrum and course of the illness that came to be known as eosinophilia-myalgia

A

Completing the clinical picture

33
Q

Uses of Epi

the goal is to identify a cause so that appropriate public health action might be taken

A

Searching for causes

34
Q

One can argue that epidemiology can never prove a causal relationship between an exposure and a disease, since much of epidemiology is based on?

A

ecological reasoning

35
Q

T or F. Epidemiology often and does not often provides enough information to support effective action.

A

T

36
Q

Uses of Epi:

the removal of the handle from the Broad St. pump following John Snow’s investigation of cholera in the Golden Square area of London in 1854

A

Searching for causes

37
Q

Uses:

Epidemiologists were able to identify a variety of risk factors during an outbreak of pneumonia among persons attending the American Legion Convention in Philadelphia in 1976 (Legionnaires’ disease)

A

Searching for causes

38
Q

Uses:

study of new diseases, endemic disease problems, epidemics, special events

A

To study immediate and special problems in the field of health.

39
Q

Uses:

→ situations (situational analysis in health planning) conditions or occurrences, and implementation problems (operational research);
→ provides the necessary data upon which a program may be based; to guide the program, assessing its progress and pinpointing failures,etc.

A

To study immediate and special problems in the field of health.

40
Q

Uses:

clinical trials

A

To evaluate the effectiveness of
therapy, preventive measures and
programs.

41
Q

Uses:

evaluation research

A

To evaluate the effectiveness of
therapy, preventive measures and
programs.

42
Q

synonymous with the scientific investigative method

A

epi method

43
Q

any method or methods used to arrive at an epidemiologic synthesis of information

A

epi method

44
Q

2 principles of epi method?

A

the clear statement of the problem in their entirety, the formulation of suitable solutions or answers, and the evaluation of such solutions

45
Q

can utilize any other discipline of learning order to achieve its aims

A

epi

46
Q

focus of observation is a group

A

stats

47
Q

make diagnosis, assess effects of drugs and other factors on health

A

clinical med

48
Q

What do you call someone who practices in the field of Medicine and Public health

A

Epidemiologist

49
Q
A

BioEpi Self-Study (2 decks)

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