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NREMT Exam > Introduction to Emergency Medical Care > Flashcards

Introduction to Emergency Medical Care Flashcards

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1
Q

In what year did transport for wounded soldiers from the battlefield to off-site physicians?

A

1970s

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2
Q

What Act charged the US Department of Transportation with developing EMS standards?

A

The National Highway Safety Act

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3
Q

What are the categories established by the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration?

A
  • Regulation and Policy
  • Resource management
  • Human resources and training
  • Transportation
  • Facilities
  • Communications
  • Public information and education
  • Medical direction
  • Trauma systems
  • Evaluation
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4
Q

Describe the chain of human resources that forms the EMS system.

A
  • Patient or bystander calls emergency services, 911
  • Emergency medical dispatcher takes the call and relays information to the correct emergency department
  • Emergency medical responders and Emergency medical Technicians arrive on the scene and begin life-saving care
  • Transport to hospital begins and prehospital care is maintained
  • Patient is then transferred to the care of hospital staff in the emergency room
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5
Q

Define: 911 System

A

A system for telephone access to report emergencies

-Enhanced 911 has the additional capability of automatically identifying the caller’s phone number and location

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6
Q

List the 4 levels of EMS Training

A
  • Emergency Medical Responder (EMR)
  • Emergency Medical Technician (EMT)
  • Advanced Emergency Medical Technician (AEMT)
  • Paramedic
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7
Q

List the roles and responsibilities of the EMT

A
  • Personal safety
  • Safety of crew, patient, and bystanders
  • Patient assessment
  • Patient care
  • Lifting and moving
  • Transport
  • Transfer of care
  • Patient Advocacy
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8
Q

Describe personal safety and safety of crew, patient, and bystanders

A

You must always ensure the scene is safe for you to provide the care necessary to your patient. You can’t save lives if you are injured before you even get to the patient

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9
Q

Describe patient assessment

A

Finding out enough about what is wrong with your patient to be able to provide the appropriate emergency care

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10
Q

Describe patient care

A

Based on assessment findings, patient care is an action or series of actions that your training prepares you with to help the patient deal with and survive their illness or injury

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11
Q

What are some good physical traits of an EMT?

A
  • be in good health
  • be able to lift and carry 125 pounds
  • must have good eyesight or glasses or contacts to make up for it
  • be aware of any issues you may have with color vision
  • be able to give and receive oral commands
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12
Q

What are some good personal traits of the EMT?

A
  • Pleasant
  • Sincere
  • Cooperative
  • Resourceful
  • Self-starter
  • Emotionally stable
  • Able to lead
  • Neat and clean
  • Of good moral character and respectful of others
  • In control of personal habits
  • Controlled in conversation and able to communicate properly
  • Able to listen to others
  • Nonjudgmental and fair
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13
Q

What level of emergency medical training provides the most advanced pre-hospital care?

A

Paramedic

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14
Q

Quality improvement programs are a part of which NHTSA Technical Assistance Program standard?

A

Evaluation

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15
Q

What BEST defines the evaluation of the patient’s condition in order to provide emergency care?

A

Patient assessment

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16
Q

During the new employee orientation, the training officer meets with the new EMTs and explains to them the monthly training schedule and the classes they must attend for EMT recertification. One of the new EMTs asks the training officer why they have to keep taking EMT courses if they already passed the EMT examination. What is the BEST answer?

A

EMS is constantly evolving in response to evidence-based research

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17
Q

Centralized coordination of emergency medical access, transportation, and care most refers to which of the following?

A

Resource management

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18
Q

An EMT attends a demonstration of a new technique for providing rapid extrication that supplements the EMT’s original training, without replacing that original training. This is an example of what kind of training?

A

Continuing education

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19
Q

What BEST described the level of EMS training that emphasizes activation of the EMS system and provides immediate care for life-threatening problems?

A

Emergency Medical Responder

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20
Q

What BEST describes the overall purpose of the modern emergency medical services (EMS) system?

A

To have trained personnel respond quickly and provide emergency care on the scene, during transport, and at the hospital

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21
Q

After delivering a patient to the emergency department, you discuss with hospital staff the details of your care and ask for suggestions to improve your care. This is an example of your role in which of the following?

A

Quality improvement

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22
Q

What is the minimum level of certification required of ambulance personnel responsible for direct patient care?

A

Emergency Medical Technician

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23
Q

Who assumes the ultimate responsibility for patient care rendered by the EMT?

A

Medical director

24
Q

The application of oxygen for a patient who is short of breath without having to contact the physician in the emergency department is an example of which of the following?

A

Standing orders

25
Q

Which group is credited with developing the earliest documented emergency medical service?

A

The French

26
Q

What is a physical trait necessary for performing the duties of an EMT?

A

Ability to speak clearly

27
Q

Which of the following BEST describes a communication system capable of identifying the number and location of the phone from which a caller is calling?

A

Enhanced 911

28
Q

You have just come on duty. The EMT on the previous shift complains to you that the QI manager was giving him grief because he did not document three sets of vital signs on the patient record. The EMT is angry and does not understand why documenting three sets of vital signs is so important. What is the best answer you could give him?

A

The recording of three sets of vital signs demonstrates that you were trending the patient’s condition

29
Q

To be compassionate and empathetic, to be accurate with interviews, and to inspire confidence are all examples of which of the personal traits of a quality EMT?

A

Able to listen to others

30
Q

You and another EMT are studying your local protocols. The other EMT notices that you may give oral glucose without utilizing on-line medical control, but you must get an on-line order from a physician before assisting a patient in taking his nitroglycerin for chest pain. The EMT asks you why some drugs require on-line medical control while others do not. What is the best answer to give him?

A

The physician wants to be sure it is appropriate for the patient

31
Q

Why is it important for EMTs to participate in quality improvement programs?

A

To identify problems and develop a plan to prevent their recurrence

32
Q

Which of the following is the most common gateway for hospital services for patients who need emergency medical assistance?

A

Emergency department

33
Q

Which of the following is a role of the EMT in the quality improvement process?

A

Writing complete patient care reports

34
Q

You respond to a 35 year old male patient who fell 50 feet from a bluff. Your authority to provide emergency care is an extension of the Medical Director’s license to practice medicine. You are acting as a ___ of the Medical Director.

A

Designated agent

35
Q

Which of the following is a personal trait an EMT should demonstrate?

A

Self-starter

36
Q

Which of the following is a component of patient advocacy?

A

Building rapport with the patient during transport to the hospital

37
Q

Which of these is the LEAST common setting that an EMT may work in?

A

Nursing home

38
Q

The EMT’s role in the quality improvement process includes becoming involved in the quality process, keeping carefully written documentation, obtaining feedback from patients and the hospital staff, continuing his education, and which of the following?

A

Maintaining equipment

39
Q

Which of the following is the first responsibility of the EMT?

A

Maintain personal health and safety

40
Q

Which of the following BEST describes a list of steps the EMT should perform while assessing and managing emergency medical situations?

A

Protocols

41
Q

Which of the following statements about the NHTSA Technical Assistance Program transportation standard is FALSE?

A

Transportation from remote areas falls under the facilities standard instead of transportation

42
Q

You and your EMT partner are assigned to spend the day at the senior center where you are to inspect the rooms and common areas for fall hazards. Your partner is upset that he is not in the ambulance where the “action is”. He complains that “looking for loose rugs” is a waste of his time. What would be the best response to his complaints?

A

Injury prevention in the community is an important component of EMS

43
Q

Upon arrival at the hospital, the EMT advises hospital personnel of the patient’s condition, observations from the scene, treatment rendered, and other pertinent data to assure continuity of care. This process is known as which of the following?

A

Transfer of care

44
Q

What BEST describes the level of EMS training that emphasizes use of advanced airway devices and some prehospital medication administration?

A

Advanced EMT

45
Q

An emergency medical responder:

A

Provides immediate care

46
Q

Designated agent

A

An EMT or other person authorized by a Medical Director to give medication and provide emergency care. The transfer of authorization to a designated agent is an extension of the Medical Director’s license to practice medicine

47
Q

Evidence-based

A

Description of medical techniques or practices that are supported by scientific evidence of their safety and efficacy, rather than merely by supposition and tradition

48
Q

Mecial Direction

A

Oversight of the patient-care aspects of an EMS system by the Medical Director

49
Q

Medical Director

A

a physician who assumes ultimate responsibility for the patient-care aspects of the EMS system

50
Q

911 system

A

a system for telephone access to report emergencies

51
Q

Off-line medical direction

A

standing orders issued by the medical director that allow EMTs to give certain medications or perform certain procedures without speaking to the medical director or another physician

52
Q

On-line medical direction

A

orders from the on-duty physician given directly to an EMT in the field by radio or telephone

53
Q

Patient outcomes

A

the long-term survival of patients

54
Q

Protocols

A

lists of steps, such as assessments and interventions, to be taken in different situations.
protocols are developed by the medical director of an EMS system

55
Q

Quality improvement

A

a process of continuous self-review with the purpose of identifying and correcting aspects of the system that require improvement

56
Q

Standing orders

A

a policy or protocol issued by a medical director that authorizes EMTs and others to perform particular skills in certain situations

NREMT Exam (4 decks)

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