Introduction to Elements

Question 1

What is matter?

Answer 1

All matter is made up of atoms. Everything is made up of matter. It has MASS and VOLUME.

Question 2

Facts about atom:

Answer 2

• Has dense central structure called nucleus.
• Has mass in nucleus.
• Nucleus made up of protons and neurons.

Question 3

Charges

Answer 3

Electron ( negative charge )
Protons ( positive charge )
Neutrons ( neutral charge ) ( same mass as protons )

Question 4

What are called subatomic particles?

Answer 4

Protons, neutrons & electrons

Question 5

What subatomic particles have the same number?

Answer 5

Electrons and protons

Question 6

What is ion?

Answer 6

If atom gains or lose an electron

Question 7

There are 118 different types of atoms called:

Answer 7

Substances are called elements

Question 8

Few elements exist individual atoms called:

Answer 8

Nobel gases : Helium and neon etc

Question 9

What is a molecule?

Answer 9

Many substances consists of two or more atoms that are chemically combined.

Question 10

What unit do we used to discuss the size of atoms?

Answer 10

Nanometre

Question 11

Nanometre is how much of a metre?

Answer 11

One billionth = 10^9m

Question 12

EASY rule for the metric system:

CONVERTING TO METRES

Answer 12

Exponents

Tera              12
Giga              9
Mega            6
Kilo                3
Hecto            2
Deka              1  

ones (none) / metres/ grams etc

Deci            -1
Centi           -2
Milli             -3
Micro          -6  ( UPSIDE DOWN N with tail )
Nano           -9
Pico            -12

Question 13

Symbol for atomic number

Answer 13

Symbol Z - defined as the number of protons in the nucleus

Question 14

Number of positive charge MUST be the same as negativr

Answer 14

protons = electrons number

Question 15

Mass number symbol

Answer 15

Symbol A = depending on the number of particles in the nucleus

Question 16

How is mass number defined?

Answer 16

The total number of protons and neutrons in an atom.

Question 17

How to define number of neutrons?

Answer 17

Subtracting the atomic number (Z) from the mass (A)

Question 18

Define each letter:

A
E
Z

Answer 18

A= Mass number
E = Symbol of element 
Z = Atomic number

Question 19

Figure out protons, neutrons & electrons:

23
Na
11

Answer 19

Protons = 11
Electrons = 11

Neutrons = 23-11 = 12

( neutrons and protons DON’T have to be the same just very close numbers - isotopes )

Question 20

What is isotopes?

Answer 20

A particular elements have same number of protons but has different number of neutrons.

Question 21

Atom emission spectrum

Answer 21

A spectrum emitted as distinct bands of light of diagnostic frequencies by elements or compounds.

Question 22

Atom

Answer 22

A neutral particle with a nucleus; the smallest sample of an element

Question 23

Electron configuration

Answer 23

Arrangement of electrons in the shells of an atom

Question 24

Element

Answer 24

Chemical species consisting of atoms of a single type

Question 25

Excited State

Answer 25

Raised by to a higher than ground-state energy level.

Question 26

Ground State

Answer 26

The least excited energy level of an atom

Question 27

Ion

Answer 27

a charged atom