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CDS- Dental Materials Science > Introduction to DMS > Flashcards

Introduction to DMS Flashcards

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1
Q

What are the stages of a clinical episode affected by dental material behaviour? 5

A

Selection, preparation of cavity design and tooth surface, placement of material, performance of material and patients expectations

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2
Q

How is safety of materials insured?

A

CE mark

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3
Q

Does a CE mark guarantee the material is the best available?

A

No

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4
Q

What do impressions record? 2

A

Negative replica of the teeth and a valuable record of space and shape of patient’s teeth

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5
Q

What is gypsum used for?

A

Creates positive replica of the impression and can be used to create prostheses to fit patient and identify shape of teeth.

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6
Q

What can stainless steel be used for?

A

Orthodontic appliances or denture base

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7
Q

What is CoCr used for?

A

Partial denture

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8
Q

What are mechanical properties?

A

Force applied to material

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9
Q

What can forces applied to materials do?

A

Stretch/compress, deform or fracture

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10
Q

How is force calculated? What is the units?

A

mass in kg x gravitational acceleration, units is N

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11
Q

What are the different types of forces?

A

Compressive, tensile (stretch) and shear (pushing along contact area)

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12
Q

How is stress calculated? What is the units?

A

Force / area, units is Pascals

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13
Q

How is strain calculated?

A

change of length of material / original length of material for ratio, x100 for percentage

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14
Q

On a stress strain curve, when is the material at maximum stress?

A

At maximum stress when stress and strain are proportional.

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15
Q

On a stress strain curve, when will the material fracture?

A

After the proportional limit when the curve falls off.

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16
Q

What is young’s modulus?

A

Stress/ strain, Measure of rigidity ( higher YM, more rigidity)

17
Q

When biting, which teeth is withstanding forces and which type?

A

Upper teeth- compressive force

18
Q

What is the typical biting force?

A

50-70 N

19
Q

When grinding/chewing, what type of force is applied and how?

A

Tooth slides along the surface of the other, frictional forces experienced

20
Q

Which has a greater YM, enamel or dentine?

A

Enamel

21
Q

What is the difference in cavity design between amalgam and composite?

A

Amalgam flares out from the tooth, requiring an undercut design whereas composite resin has a much smaller, minimal design

22
Q

Which material is held by mechanical retention and which material is bonded with adhesion?

A

Amalgam- mechanical retention
Composite- adhesion

23
Q

How should a material be transformed to fill a cavity?

A

Material must be pliable to fit shape of interest, and must set to form hard strong material

24
Q

What are some failure mechanisms that the likeliness needs to be assessed when working with dental materials?

A

Fracture, hardness, abrasion, abrasion resistance, fatigue, creep, deformation, de-bond and impact

25
Q

What is abrasion?

A

Tooth grinds/slides along the opposing tooth/material surface and the tooth/material surface is abraded, resulting in loss of surface layer and roughened surface

26
Q

What is fatigue?

A

Repeated loads applied causes small cracks in a material grow, allowing fracture when only a relatively small force is applied.

27
Q

What is creep?

A

Repetitive forces causes dimensional change

28
Q

If stress is over the elastic limit, what happens?

A

Permanent deformation

29
Q

What is debonding?

A

To apply shear stress, causing material to pull away from the tooth

30
Q

What is ductility?

A

Quality of being pliable and flexible.

31
Q

What is tear strength?

A

Material’s ability to resist failure perpendicular to the stress being applied.

32
Q

What are the chemical properties you have to consider when choosing a dental material? 3

A

Setting mechanism, setting time and corrosive potential

33
Q

What are the physical properties you have to consider when choosing a dental material? 5

A

Viscosity, thermal conduction and expansion, density and radiodensity

34
Q

What do we have to consider in the oral environment when choosing a dental material? 4

A

Saliva, temperature variations, pH variations and oral bacteria

CDS- Dental Materials Science (2 decks)

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