Introduction to Disease Process

Question 1

What are the 7 core values of occupational therapy?

Answer 1

• altruism
• dignity
• equality
• freedom
• justice
• truth
• prudence

Question 2

Define the value of altruism

Answer 2

unselfish concern for the welfare of others

Question 3

Define the value of dignity

Answer 3

valuing the natural worth and uniqueness of each person

Question 4

Define the value of equality

Answer 4

all individuals having the same essential human rights and opportunities

Question 5

Define the value of freedom

Answer 5

ability to exercise choice and to demonstrate independence, initiative, and self-direction

Question 6

Define the value of justice

Answer 6

upholding fairness, equity, truthfulness, and objectivity

Question 7

Define the value of truth

Answer 7

faithful to facts and reality

Question 8

Define the value of prudence

Answer 8

ability to manage and discipline oneself through the use of reason

Question 9

Philosophical assumption: Each individual has the right to…

Answer 9

a meaningful existence

Question 10

Philosophical assumption: What influences each individual?

Answer 10

biological and social nature

Question 11

Philosophical assumption: each individual can only be understood within…

Answer 11

the context of their own relationships with family and society

Question 12

Philosophical assumption: Individuals have the right to seek potential through…

Answer 12

personal choice

Question 13

Philosophical assumption: what do individuals need to reach potential?

Answer 13

purposeful interaction with human and nonhuman environment

Question 14

Philosophical assumption: aim for functional interdependence towards…

Answer 14

daily goals

Question 15

Philosophical assumption: intervention is focused on…

Answer 15

the needs of the individual at any given time

Question 16

what is personalized medicine?

Answer 16

comprehensive process to determine the best health care options for a particular patient, deriving from a partnership between patient and clinician

Question 17

what are the core values of personalized medicine?

Answer 17

1. dignity
2. equality
3. freedom

Question 18

5 components of OTPF

Answer 18

1. occupations
2. client factors
3. performance skills
4. performance patterns
5. context and environment

Question 19

what does the component of occupation entail?

Answer 19

life activities

ADLs, IADLs, rest and sleep, education, work, play and leisure, social participation

Question 20

what does the component of client factors entail?

Answer 20

influence the person’s participation on occupations

values, beliefs, spirituality, body functions, body structures

Question 21

what does the component of performance skills entail?

Answer 21

observable elements of action

motor skills, process skills, social interaction skills

Question 22

what does the component of performance patterns entail?

Answer 22

habits, routines, roles, and rituals

habits, routines, roles, rituals

Question 23

what does the component of context and environment entail?

Answer 23

interrelated conditions that are within and surrounding the person

cultural, personal, temporal, virtual, physical, social

Question 24

what is rehabilitation aimed at?

Answer 24

enabling people with disabilities to reach and maintain their optimal physical, sensory, intellectual, psychological, vocational, social, and functional potential

Question 25

what does rehabilitation provide for people with disabilities?

Answer 25

tools they need to attain greater independence

Question 26

what percent of the world’s population does the WHO estimate experience some form of disability or impairment?

Answer 26

12.6%

Question 27

what are some common causes of disability or impairment?

Answer 27

chronic diseases such as

- diabetes
- CVD
- cancer
- traumatic injuries
- mental impairments
- birth defects
- malnutrition
- HIV/AIDS
- other communicable diseases

Question 28

why is the number of people with disabilities increasing?

Answer 28

• population growth
• aging
• emergence of chronic diseases
• increasing motor vehicle use
• medical advance that preserve and prolong life

Question 29

what are the 6 categories of disability the Annual Disability Status report classifies?

Answer 29

• hearing
• visual
• cognitive
• ambulatory
• self-care
• independent living

Question 30

How does the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) define disability?

Answer 30

an umbrella term for impairments, activity limitations, and participation restrictions

Question 31

Disability is the interaction between…

Answer 31

individuals with a health condition (e.g., cerebral palsy) and personal and environmental factors (e.g., inaccessible transportation and public buildings)

Question 32

How does the medical model define disability?

Answer 32

viewed as a “characteristic or attribute of the person, which is directly caused by disease, trauma, or other health condition and requires some type of intervention provided by professionals to ‘correct’ or ‘compensate’ for the problem.”

Question 33

How does the social model define disability?

Answer 33

viewed as a “socially created problem and not as an attribute of the person.”

Question 34

What is the combination of the medical and social models?

Answer 34

biopsychosocial model- framework for disablement model used today

Question 35

What is primary level of prevention?

Answer 35

reduction of risk factors before occurrence of disease, conditions, or injury

Question 36

What is secondary level of prevention?

Answer 36

early detection of the potential for development of a disease or condition, or the existence of a disease while asymptomatic

Question 37

What is tertiary level of prevention?

Answer 37

treatment of an existing symptomatic disease process to ameliorate its effects, or delay or prevent its progress