Introduction to Digital Dentistry Flashcards
what is digital dentistry
the use of dental technology or device that incorporates digital or computer- controlled components in contrast to that of mechanical or electrical alone
what does digital dentistry include
- tele-dentistry
- electronic dental record
- CBCT
- digital radiology
- digital impression
- 3D printing
- CAD/CAM
what is CAD
the use of computer programs to create two or three dimensional graphical representations of physical objects
what is CAM
manufacturing/milling
- the use of computer software to control machine tools and related machinery in the manufacturing of work pieces
what is point cloud meshing
a collection of data points called a point cloud is used to depict a real world object
- combines multiple scand to create complete mode
what does STL files stand for
- standard triangulation language
- standard tessellation language
what are STL files
a file format which is an openly documented format for describing the surface of an object as a triangular mesh that is a representation of a 3D surface in triangular facets
what do we need to apply digital imaging to practice
- intra oral scanner
- designing software
- production unit: additive: 3D printing or subtractice: milling
what are some available digital imaging systems
- CEREC primescan, omnicam or bluecam
- Tiors, 3 shape
- iTero digital scanner
- E4D dentist
- Medit
- Lava COS
what are the requirements of intra oral scanners
- easy to use
- accuracy
- software capability and speed
- cost
what is 3D printing
the use of additive manufacturing to create dental prostheses such as aligners, dentures, and crowns
what is a milling machine
designed to cut crowns, bridges, copings, frameworks, implant abutments and more from materials such as ceramics, zirconia, alloys, resins or wax
what are the types of milling machines
-wet milling vs dry milling
- 3 axis vs 5 axis
what are the characteristics of CEREC
- inlays/onlays, crowns and bridges
- visible blue light
- powder is required
- digital on screen articulation
what are the generations of CEREC
- CEREC bluecam
- CEREC omnicam
- CEREC primescan
what is the imaging technique of CEREC omnicam? CEREC bluecam?
- continuous data acquisition
- multiple shots joined together
can cerec omnicam 3D scan in color? CEREC bluecam?
- yes
- no
does CEREC omnicam use powder? CEREC Bluecam?
- no
- yes
what is the area of application for CEREC Omnicam? CEREC Bluecam
- single tooth, quadrant, and full mouth
- single tooth, quadrant ( full mouth if possible)
what are the advantages for CEREC Omnicam
- powder free
- easy handling
- precise 3D imaging in natural color
what are the advantages of CEREC bluecam
- high precision
- rapid scan in powder coated surfaces
- easy to use
how long does a full arch scan take with primescan
approximately 2-3 minutes
how long does a full arch scan take with omnicam
approximately 8-12 minutes
what is the working princple, light source, image type, necessity for coating, and in office milling for CEREC AC
- active triangulation
- visible blue light
- multiple images
- yes
- yes
what is the working princple, light source, image type, necessity for coating, and in office milling for iTero
- parallel confocal microscopy
- red laser
- multiple images
- no
no
what is the working princple, light source, image type, necessity for coating, and in office milling for E4D
- confocal microscopy
- laser
- multiple images
- optional
- yes
what is the working princple, light source, image type, necessity for coating, and in office milling for LAVA COS
- active wavelength
- pulsative visible blue light
- video
- yes
- no
what is the working princple, light source, image type, necessity for coating, and in office milling for TRIOS
- confocal microscopy
- not disclosed
- multiple images
-no - no
what can we do with CAD/CAM
- single tooth restorations on natural teeth
- multi unit restorations on natural teeth
- implant restorations
- removable prostheses
what type of single restorations on natural teeth can be done with CAD/CAM
- crowns
- inlays
- onlays
- veneers
what type of multi unit restorations on natural teeth
3 unit bridges
what type of implant restorations can be done with CAD/CAM
- implant planning and surgical guide
- custom abutments
- cement retained and screw retained crowns
- titanium milled bars for full arch restorations
- frameworks for implant bridges
- full arch monolithic FDP
why use CAD/CAM
- application of new materials
- better cost effectiveness
- faster production process
- precise dimensions
- minimizing wastage of material
- reducing energy consumption
- better quality control
- better communications
- treatment plan prediction
- patient satisfaction
how is CAD/CAM more cost effective
-60-70% savings in lab bills
- reduction in labor
the multilevel quality improvement afforded through digital technology is recognized in:
workflow, and efficiency, record keeping, data fidelity and therapeutics
how does digital technology affect longevity of restorations
posterior single tooth restorations fabricated from intraoral scans by CAD/CAM technology have acceptable results for shade, contour, marginal adaptation and occlusion
what are the survival rates for restorations with CAD/CAM
- 88.7% up to 17 years of clinical service
- 88.8% in 5.5 years vs 93.3% for gold
- 97% in 5 years 90% in 10 years
- 98.4% in 9 years
what are CAD/CAM classificiations
- data acquisition
- accessibility to STL files
- production of final restoration
what are the types of data acquisition
- direct
- indirect
what are the types of accessibility to STL files
- open system
- closed system
what are the types of produciton of final restoration
- chair- side production
- laboratory production
- centralized production centers
describe direct data aquisition
the data are directly obtained from the patients mouth via intraoral scanenr
describe indirect data acquisition
the data are indirectly obtained in the lab either from an impressino or stone cast via bench scanner
describe an open system
open files are not dependent on the manufacturer, can be used with any software to fabricate the final restoration
describe closed system
the data are controlled and manipulated by the owner (Manufacturer)
describe chair side production
no provisionalization is needed
describe laboratory production
dental lab scanner and designing software -> CAD/CAM
describe centralized production
production center -> CAM
what is digital workflow
workflow between lab and practice
what do digital technologies improve
the workflow from diagnosis, planning to treatment
intraoral scanner can greatly increase:
productivity, efficiency, and accuracy
what are the costs with analogue
- initial: VPS, registration materials ~50$
- additional: trays, dispensers, and stone, lab cost and shipping
what are the costs with digital
- initial cost: scanner ~$20-30K and milling unit $110K- $120K
- additional cost: electronic lab prescriptions, blocks, burs and maintenance
what are the time considerations with analogue
- more chairside time ~41 minutes (teeth) and ~43.12min (implants)
- tray selection or custom tray
- mixing time
- setting time
- remake
- opposing arch
- inter occlusal records
- disinfection
- pour the impressions
- shipping time
- ditch the dies
- mount the casts
- wax up and fabrication
- restoration
what are time considerations with digital
- les chairside time ~13 min (teeth) and ~30.63 minutes (implants)
- learning curve
- scan (prep, opposing, and buccal)
- evaluate the scan
- rescan
- lab prescription
- received (electronically)
- design
- cast and prosthesis (printing/milling)
- restoration
describe tissue displacement in both analogue and digital
- tissue displacement is a must for both workflows
- dry field is a must for both workflows
-0.5mm of uncut tooth structure apical to the finish line is required - same level of accuracy for crowns and FPDs
- digital impressions showed a clinically accepted results, and shortened the treatment line
- conventional impressions are still recomenneded for full arch restorations
describe the marginal fit of analogue vs digital
- no significant different was observed regarding the marginal gap of single unit ceramic restorations obtained from digital or conventional impression techniques
- marginal and internal gaps with conventional technique were greater than the digital technique
- the digital impression technique provided better marginal and internal fit of fixed restorations
what is the application of AI
-automated diagnostics
-a predictive measure
- a classification or identification tool
what will AI technology be used for in the future
collecting, processing and organizing patient related datasets to procide patient centered individualized dental treatment
what must dentists and clinicians focus on with AI
collecting and entering authentic data into their database
