Introduction to Dental explorers

Question 1

Define an explorer

Answer 1

Explorers are instruments used to detect anomalies such as calculus and decay, which may be on tooth surfaces or related closely to tooth surfaces and restorative materials.

Question 2

Describe an explorer

Answer 2

They are an assessment instrument which has flexible wire working end that allows for vibrations to travel from the working end and along the instrument to the handle. These vibrations are felt by the clinicians hands.

Question 3

List the various Functions of an explorer

Answer 3

• Feel calculus deposits
• Dental anomalies e.g. extra enamel growth
• Assess normal anatomical features of the teeth
• Assess dental restorations/ defective restorations
• Assess dental sealants
* Assist in locating dental decay

Question 4

List the various types of explorers (6)

Answer 4

• Shephards Hook
• Curved
• Straight
• Pigtail and cowhorn
• Orban type
• 11/12 explorer

Question 5

Describe the Shephards hook in terms of shape, function and location of use

Answer 5

• Shape: Looks like a hook.
• Function: Examination of margins or restorations and assess sealant status and retention

*LOU: Supra gingival

Question 6

Describe the Straight Explorer in terms of shape, function and location of use

Answer 6

• Shape: Sharp, pointed tip
• Function: Examination of margins or restorations and assess sealant status and retention
• LOU: Supra gingival

Question 7

Describe the Curved Explorer in terms of shape, function and location of use

Answer 7

• Shape: curved at a 45D incline
• Function: detect calculus in shallow pockets
• LOU: Supra gingival, with sub gingival use in shallow pockets

Question 8

Describe the Pigtail and Cowhorn Explorer in terms of shape, function and location of use

Answer 8

• Shape: similar to a shepherds hook but angulated
• Function: Supra and sub gingival calculus detection
• LOU: interproximal, shallow pockets that go no deeper than the cervical third of the root

Question 9

Describe the Orban Type Explorer in terms of shape, function and location of use

Answer 9

• Shape: Tip bent at 90 degrees to the lower shank. The upper shank and lower shank meet at an obtuse angle
• Function: Subgingival calculus detection
• LOU: Anterior root surfaces from canine to canine, upper and lower arch

Question 10

Describe the 11/12 Explorer in terms of shape, function and location of use

Answer 10

Shape - Tip bent at 90 degree angle to Lower shank/Terminal shank which has a complex design. The terminal shank meets with the middle shank at an obtuse angle. The middle shank meets with the upper shank at an obtuse angle. It has a complex design.

• Function: Subgingival calculus detection
• LOU: Subgingivally around the entire mouth but very good for Posterior teeth in particula

Question 11

Identify the number one error in explorer usage

Answer 11

• Avoid firm tense grip: prevent feeling vibrations
• Avoid applying pressure with the middle finger against the shank: prevent feeling vibration
• The TIP is NEVER placed at a 90 degree angle to the tooth surface. If early decay lesions are present, the surface layer could break and they have no chance of remineralisation