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Introduction To Databases Flashcards

1
Q

Data

A

Data is numeric, textual, visual, or audio information that describes real-world systems

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2
Q

Analog

A

historically, data was mostly analog, encoded as continuous variations or various physical media

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3
Q

Digital

A

Digitally encoded as zeros, and ones on electronic and magnetic media

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4
Q

Database

A

Collection of data in a structured format.

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5
Q

Database System, Database management system, DBMS

A

Software that reads and writes data in a database. Database systems ensure data is secure, internally consistent, and available at all times.

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6
Q

Query Language

A

Specialized programming language, designed specifically for database systems

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7
Q

Database application

A

Software that helps business users interact with database systems.

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8
Q

Database administrator

A

Database admin is responsible for securing the database system against unauthorized users. DB admin also enforces procedures for user access and database system availability.

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9
Q

database designer

A

Determines format of each data element and overall database structure. DB Designer must balance several priorities, including storage, response time, and support for rules that govern the data.

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10
Q

Database Programmer

A

Database programmer develops computer programs that utilize a database

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11
Q

Database User

A

Consumer of data in a database. Database users request, update or use stored data to generate reports or information.

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12
Q

Transacation

A

Group of queries that must be either completed or rejected as a whole.

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13
Q

Architecture

A

Architecture of a database system describes the internal components and the relationships between components

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14
Q

Query Processor

A

Query processor interprets queries, creates a plan to modify the database or retrieve data, and return’s query results to the application.

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15
Q

Query Optimization

A

Query processor performs query optimization to ensure the most efficient instructions are executed on the data

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16
Q

Storage manager

A

Translate the query processor instructions into low-level-file-system commands that modify or retrieve data

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17
Q

Indexes

A

Storage Manager uses indexes to quickly locate data

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18
Q

Transaction Manager

A

Transaction manager ensure transactions are properly executed

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19
Q

Log

A

Log file containing a complete record of all inserts’, updates, and delete processed by the database.

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20
Q

Catalog/Data dictionary

A

Dictionary of tables, columns, indexes, and other database objects

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21
Q

Relational Database

A

Stores data in tables, columns, and rows, similar to a spreadsheet

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22
Q

SQL

A

Structured Query Language and includes statements that read and write data, create and delete tables, and administer the database system

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23
Q

Big Data

A

Growth of the internet generated massive volumes of online data, often with poorly structured or missing information.

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24
Q

NoSQL

A

Newer, non-relational systems are called NOSQL, for Not Only SQL, and are optimized for big data.

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25
Q

Open Source

A

Software that anyone can inspect, copy, and modify with no licensing fee.

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26
Q

Query

A

Command for a database that typically inserts new data, retrieves data, updates data, or deletes data from a database

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27
Q

Query Language

A

Computer programming language for writing database queries

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28
Q

CRUD

A

Four Common queries sometimes referred to as CRUD operations, acronym for Create, Read, Update, and Delete data

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29
Q

Statement

A

SQL statement is a database command, such as a query that inserts, selects, updates, or deletes data

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30
Q

Insert

A

Inserst rows into a tables

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31
Q

Select

A

Retrieves data from a table

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32
Q

Update

A

Modifies data in a table

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33
Q

Delete

A

Deletes rows in a table

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34
Q

Create Table

A

Statement creates a new table by specifying the table and column names

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35
Q

Data Type

A

Every column is assigned a datatype that indicates the format of column values. Data type can be numeri, Textual, or complex

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36
Q

Database Design

A

Specification of database objects such as tables, columns, data types, and indexes. Database design also refers to the process used to develop the specification

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37
Q

Analysis

A

Analysis phase specifies database requirements without regard to a specific database system

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38
Q

ER Diagrams

A

Entities, relationships, and attributes are depicted in ER diagrams.

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39
Q

Logical design

A

Phase that implements database requirements in a specific database system

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40
Q

Key

A

Key is a column used to identify individual rows of a table

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41
Q

Table Diagram

A

Logical design is depicted in a table Diagram

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42
Q

Schema

A

Logical design, as specified in SQL and depicted in a table diagram

43
Q

Physical Design

A

Phase that adds indexes and specifies how tables are organized on storage media

44
Q

Data independence

A

Principle that physical design never affects query results

45
Q

API/Application programming interface

A

Library of procedures or classes that links a host programing language to a database

46
Q

MySQL

A

Leading relational database system sponsored by Oracle

47
Q

MySQL Community

A

MySQL server free edition

48
Q

MySQL Enterprise

A

Paid edition for managing commercial databses

49
Q

Root Account

A

Administrative account that has full control of MySQL

50
Q

MySQL Command Line Client

A

Text interface included in the MySQL Server download. It allows developers to connect to the database server, perform administrative functions, and execute SQL statements.

51
Q

Error Code

A

MySQL returns an error code and description when an SQL statement is syntactically incorrect or the database cannot execute the statement.

52
Q

MySQL Workbench

A

Workbench is installed alongside MySQL server and allows developers to execute SQL commands using an editor.

53
Q

Data is numeric, textual, visual, or audio information that describes real-world systems

54
Q

historically, data was mostly analog, encoded as continuous variations or various physical media

55
Q

Digitally encoded as zeros, and ones on electronic and magnetic media

56
Q

Collection of data in a structured format.

57
Q

Software that reads and writes data in a database. Database systems ensure data is secure, internally consistent, and available at all times.

A

Database System, Database management system, DBMS

58
Q

Specialized programming language, designed specifically for database systems

A

Query Language

59
Q

Software that helps business users interact with database systems.

A

Database application

60
Q

Database admin is responsible for securing the database system against unauthorized users. DB admin also enforces procedures for user access and database system availability.

A

Database administrator

61
Q

Determines format of each data element and overall database structure. DB Designer must balance several priorities, including storage, response time, and support for rules that govern the data.

A

database designer

62
Q

Database programmer develops computer programs that utilize a database

A

Database Programmer

63
Q

Consumer of data in a database. Database users request, update or use stored data to generate reports or information.

A

Database User

64
Q

Group of queries that must be either completed or rejected as a whole.

A

Transacation

65
Q

Architecture of a database system describes the internal components and the relationships between components

A

Architecture

66
Q

Query processor interprets queries, creates a plan to modify the database or retrieve data, and return’s query results to the application.

A

Query Processor

67
Q

Query processor performs query optimization to ensure the most efficient instructions are executed on the data

A

Query Optimization

68
Q

Translate the query processor instructions into low-level-file-system commands that modify or retrieve data

A

Storage manager

69
Q

Storage Manager uses indexes to quickly locate data

70
Q

Transaction manager ensure transactions are properly executed

A

Transaction Manager

71
Q

Log file containing a complete record of all inserts’, updates, and delete processed by the database.

72
Q

Dictionary of tables, columns, indexes, and other database objects

A

Catalog/Data dictionary

73
Q

Stores data in tables, columns, and rows, similar to a spreadsheet

A

Relational Database

74
Q

Structured Query Language and includes statements that read and write data, create and delete tables, and administer the database system

75
Q

Growth of the internet generated massive volumes of online data, often with poorly structured or missing information.

76
Q

Newer, non-relational systems are called NOSQL, for Not Only SQL, and are optimized for big data.

77
Q

Software that anyone can inspect, copy, and modify with no licensing fee.

A

Open Source

78
Q

Command for a database that typically inserts new data, retrieves data, updates data, or deletes data from a database

79
Q

Computer programming language for writing database queries

A

Query Language

80
Q

Four Common queries sometimes referred to as CRUD operations, acronym for Create, Read, Update, and Delete data

81
Q

SQL statement is a database command, such as a query that inserts, selects, updates, or deletes data

82
Q

Inserst rows into a tables

83
Q

Retrieves data from a table

84
Q

Modifies data in a table

85
Q

Deletes rows in a table

86
Q

Statement creates a new table by specifying the table and column names

A

Create Table

87
Q

Every column is assigned a datatype that indicates the format of column values. Data type can be numeri, Textual, or complex

88
Q

Specification of database objects such as tables, columns, data types, and indexes. Database design also refers to the process used to develop the specification

A

Database Design

89
Q

Analysis phase specifies database requirements without regard to a specific database system

90
Q

Entities, relationships, and attributes are depicted in ER diagrams.

A

ER Diagrams

91
Q

Phase that implements database requirements in a specific database system

A

Logical design

92
Q

Key is a column used to identify individual rows of a table

93
Q

Logical design is depicted in a table Diagram

A

Table Diagram

94
Q

Logical design, as specified in SQL and depicted in a table diagram

95
Q

Phase that adds indexes and specifies how tables are organized on storage media

A

Physical Design

96
Q

Principle that physical design never affects query results

A

Data independence

97
Q

Library of procedures or classes that links a host programing language to a database

A

API/Application programming interface

98
Q

Leading relational database system sponsored by Oracle

99
Q

MySQL server free edition

A

MySQL Community

100
Q

Paid edition for managing commercial databses

A

MySQL Enterprise

101
Q

Administrative account that has full control of MySQL

A

Root Account

102
Q

Text interface included in the MySQL Server download. It allows developers to connect to the database server, perform administrative functions, and execute SQL statements.

A

MySQL Command Line Client

103
Q

MySQL returns an error code and description when an SQL statement is syntactically incorrect or the database cannot execute the statement.

A

Error Code

104
Q

Workbench is installed alongside MySQL server and allows developers to execute SQL commands using an editor.

A

MySQL Workbench

Data Architecture (6 decks)

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