Introduction to Database Systems Flashcards
Data
- raw facts
- building blocks of info
- must be formatted for storage and retrieval of data
Information
- raw data processed to provide meaning
- enables knowledge creation
- supports good decision making when accurate, relevant, and timely
Database
- shared, integrated computer structure storing a collection of logically related data
- contains data dictionary of description of data characteristics and relationships
Metadata
- data about data
Database Management System
- a software system enabling users to define, create, and maintain data
DBMS - Advantages
improves data sharing, security, and access
DBMS - Disadvantages
increased cost w/ requirement for up-to-date hardware, software, and highly skilled personnel
single-user
supports one user at a time
multiuser
supports multiple users at the same time
centralized
data located at a single site
distributed
data distributed across several different sites
cloud
created and maintained using cloud data services providing defined performance measures for the database
operational
supports day-to-day operations of the company
analytical
stores historical and business metrics used exclusively for tactical or strategic decision making
unstructured data
exists in original state
structured data
results from formatting
semi structured data
processed to some extent
extensible markup language (XML)
represents data elements in textual format
database design
focuses on design of the database structure used to store and manage end-user data
file systems
- organized by expected use
- data processing specialist converted computer file structure from manual system to track data and produce required reports
fields
character or group of characters with a specific meaning
records
one or more fields that describes a person, place, or thing
files
collection of related records
data redundancy
same data stored unnecessarily in different places