Introduction To Clinical Reasoning - Upper Limbs Flashcards
What does SIN mean in detail
Severity - Pain level: VAS and NRS
Irritability - Aggs and Eases
Nature - Cause and Source of pain
Difference between VAS and NRS
VAS - Visual analogue scale
NRS - Numerical Rating Scaling
3 Types of Pain
Nociceptive - associated with nociceptors
Peripheral Neuropathic - Initiated by dysfunction in PNS
Nociplastic Central - altered nociception, patient has pain but no obvious injury
What type of pain is mechanical pain
Nociceptive
2 Management methods for mechanical pain
- Moving early and staying active
- Simple analgesia e.g. paracetamol
What type of pain is inflammatory pain
Nociceptive pain
2 Management for inflammatory pain
- NSAIDs and simple analgesia to manage pain while moving
- Moving
Outline the Oxford Scale
0 - no flicker
1 - little flicker Of muscle contraction
2 - movement with gravity eliminated
3 - movement against gravity
4 - movement against gravity with some resistance
5 - movement against gravity with full resistance
What device can be used to measure muscle strength
Dynamometer
What does the apprehension test test for and what is a positive test
Shoulder instability - pain and weakness
What does the relocation test test for and what is a positive test?
Shoulder instability - Pain and symptoms decrease
What does Finkelstein test for and what is a positive result
De Quervains - Pain at APL and EPB
What do Tinel’s and Phalen’s test for and what are the positive tests
Carpel Tunnel Syndrome
Paraethesia reproduced in cutaneous distribution of median nerve
What does the Lift off test test for and what is a positive test
Subscapularis tear - Lack of mvt or pain reduces contraction
What does the Mill’s and Cozen’s test for and what is a positive test
Lateral epicondylalgia - Reproduced lateral elbow pain
