Introduction to Clinical Kinetics and ADME Flashcards
True or False
The general definition of PK is the study of the time course of drug movement through the body.
True
Which describe Clinical Pharmacokinetics? (select all that apply)
A. application of PK principles to the safe therapeutic management
B. applicatio of PK principles to the effective therapeutic manangement
C. application of mathematical formulas to describe the course of drug movement
D. application of PK principles for the management of drugs for an individual patient
A, B, D
C is the definition of basic pharmacokinetics
True or False
Population PK is used for dose adjustment and individualization and patient specific PK is used for initial dosing
False
Population PK is used for initial dosing
Patient Specific PK is used for dose adjustment and individualization
Where can we find population pharmacokinetic data on drugs? (select all that appy)
A. Lexicomp
B. MIcromedex
C. Facts and Comparison
D. Whomping Willow
E. Grandmother Willow
D, E
What are some examples of patient specific PK? (select all that apply)
A. Creatine Clearance
B. blood concentrations
C. urine concentrations
D. individual drug concentrations
A, D
What are the factors that affect plasma drug concentrations?
A. ADME
B. Physiological States
C. Disease States
D. Drug Interactions
E. None of the Above
F. All of the Above
F
True of False
ALL drugs require therapeutic drug monitoring
False
CERTAIN drugs require therapeutic drug monitoring
What does not influence how much drug is absorbed systemically?
A. Absorption through the stomach lining
B. Absorption through gut lumen and wall
C. 1st pass hepatic metabolism
A.
What is the primary site for PO drug absorption?
A. Liver
B. Duodenom
C Stomach
D. Rectum
B. Duodenom
What is the primary site for pro-drug cleavage to active drug?
A. Stomach
B.Duodenom
C. Mouth
D. ascending colon
B. Duodenom
Which is true about the Duodenom?
A. Decreased Surface Area: Microvilli decrease surface area
B. Not a primary site for pro-drug cleavage
C. Pancreatic enzymes degrade protein and carbohydrates
D. Not a primary site for drug absorption
C.
A is actually incresing surface area
B. it is a primary site for pro-drug cleavage
D. it is a primary site for drug absorption
True or False
CYP enzymes affect absorption because they can be induced or inhibited
True
Where are CYP enzymes located? (select all that apply)
A. Liver
B. GI
C. Kidneys
D. Pancreas
E. Heart
F. Lungs
A, B, C, D
the ones that matter the most are in the gut lumen and liver because that is where the metabolism occurs
What is the primary CYP enzyme in humans?
A. CYP3A4
B. CYP2C9
C. CYP2A1
C. CYP3A4
True of False
Drugs must be substrates to be affected by enzymes or transporter proteins.
True
Which of the following statements about drug absorption is correct?
A. PGPs decrease drug intestinal absorption by metabolizing drugs before they can be absorbed into portal circulation.
B. CYP3A enzymes decrease intestinal absorption by pumping drugs from the intracellular space back into the intestinal lumen
C. CYP3A enzymes and PGPs are concentrated in many tissues including intestines and liver
D. Drugs don’t have to be substrates to be affected by enzymes or transporter proteins
C.
A is wrong because its CYP3A enzymes that metabolize drugs
B. is wrong because its the PGPs that decrease intestinal pumping
D. is wrong becase the drugs do have to be substrates
True or False
Drugs have multiple absorption peaks due to recirculation by the liver and gut
True
What is the order of Enterohepatic recirculation?
I. Drug absorbed back into systemic circulation
II. Drug Circulates to liver via portal vein where some continues on to systemic circulation
III. percent of drug might be processed by the liver and excreted with bile back into gut
A. I, II, III
B. I, III, II
C. II, III,I
D. III, II, I
C
What properties can affect drug absorption?
A. pH
B. Food
C. other medications
D. diseases that affect GI tract
E. All of the Above
E
Which of the following is not another route of administration?
A. IV
B. Inhaled
C. Cutaneous
D. Subcutaneous
E. None of the above
E.
Jessica has a blood stream infection, what type of Vd do you want to look for in a drug?
A. Small
B. Medium
C. Large
D. Extra Large
E. XXL
A. small
Naomi has a kidney infection, what type of Vd should you look for in a drug?
A. small
B. medium
C. large
D. extra large
C. large
