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Clinical Pharmacokinetics > Introduction to Clinical Kinetics and ADME > Flashcards

Introduction to Clinical Kinetics and ADME Flashcards

1
Q

True or False

The general definition of PK is the study of the time course of drug movement through the body.

A

True

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2
Q

Which describe Clinical Pharmacokinetics? (select all that apply)

A. application of PK principles to the safe therapeutic management

B. applicatio of PK principles to the effective therapeutic manangement

C. application of mathematical formulas to describe the course of drug movement

D. application of PK principles for the management of drugs for an individual patient

A

A, B, D

C is the definition of basic pharmacokinetics

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3
Q

True or False

Population PK is used for dose adjustment and individualization and patient specific PK is used for initial dosing

A

False

Population PK is used for initial dosing

Patient Specific PK is used for dose adjustment and individualization

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4
Q

Where can we find population pharmacokinetic data on drugs? (select all that appy)

A. Lexicomp

B. MIcromedex

C. Facts and Comparison

D. Whomping Willow

E. Grandmother Willow

A

D, E

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5
Q

What are some examples of patient specific PK? (select all that apply)

A. Creatine Clearance

B. blood concentrations

C. urine concentrations

D. individual drug concentrations

A

A, D

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6
Q

What are the factors that affect plasma drug concentrations?

A. ADME

B. Physiological States

C. Disease States

D. Drug Interactions

E. None of the Above

F. All of the Above

A

F

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7
Q

True of False

ALL drugs require therapeutic drug monitoring

A

False

CERTAIN drugs require therapeutic drug monitoring

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8
Q

What does not influence how much drug is absorbed systemically?

A. Absorption through the stomach lining

B. Absorption through gut lumen and wall

C. 1st pass hepatic metabolism

A

A.

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9
Q

What is the primary site for PO drug absorption?

A. Liver

B. Duodenom

C Stomach

D. Rectum

A

B. Duodenom

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10
Q

What is the primary site for pro-drug cleavage to active drug?

A. Stomach

B.Duodenom

C. Mouth

D. ascending colon

A

B. Duodenom

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11
Q

Which is true about the Duodenom?

A. Decreased Surface Area: Microvilli decrease surface area

B. Not a primary site for pro-drug cleavage

C. Pancreatic enzymes degrade protein and carbohydrates

D. Not a primary site for drug absorption

A

C.

A is actually incresing surface area

B. it is a primary site for pro-drug cleavage

D. it is a primary site for drug absorption

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12
Q
A
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13
Q

True or False

CYP enzymes affect absorption because they can be induced or inhibited

A

True

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14
Q

Where are CYP enzymes located? (select all that apply)

A. Liver

B. GI

C. Kidneys

D. Pancreas

E. Heart

F. Lungs

A

A, B, C, D

the ones that matter the most are in the gut lumen and liver because that is where the metabolism occurs

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15
Q
A
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16
Q

What is the primary CYP enzyme in humans?

A. CYP3A4

B. CYP2C9

C. CYP2A1

A

C. CYP3A4

17
Q

True of False

Drugs must be substrates to be affected by enzymes or transporter proteins.

A

True

18
Q

Which of the following statements about drug absorption is correct?

A. PGPs decrease drug intestinal absorption by metabolizing drugs before they can be absorbed into portal circulation.

B. CYP3A enzymes decrease intestinal absorption by pumping drugs from the intracellular space back into the intestinal lumen

C. CYP3A enzymes and PGPs are concentrated in many tissues including intestines and liver

D. Drugs don’t have to be substrates to be affected by enzymes or transporter proteins

A

C.

A is wrong because its CYP3A enzymes that metabolize drugs

B. is wrong because its the PGPs that decrease intestinal pumping

D. is wrong becase the drugs do have to be substrates

19
Q

True or False

Drugs have multiple absorption peaks due to recirculation by the liver and gut

A

True

20
Q

What is the order of Enterohepatic recirculation?

I. Drug absorbed back into systemic circulation

II. Drug Circulates to liver via portal vein where some continues on to systemic circulation

III. percent of drug might be processed by the liver and excreted with bile back into gut

A. I, II, III

B. I, III, II

C. II, III,I

D. III, II, I

A

C

21
Q

What properties can affect drug absorption?

A. pH

B. Food

C. other medications

D. diseases that affect GI tract

E. All of the Above

A

E

22
Q

Which of the following is not another route of administration?

A. IV

B. Inhaled

C. Cutaneous

D. Subcutaneous

E. None of the above

A

E.

23
Q

Jessica has a blood stream infection, what type of Vd do you want to look for in a drug?

A. Small

B. Medium

C. Large

D. Extra Large

E. XXL

A

A. small

24
Q

Naomi has a kidney infection, what type of Vd should you look for in a drug?

A. small

B. medium

C. large

D. extra large

A

C. large

25
Q
A

Clinical Pharmacokinetics (1 decks)

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