Introduction to Chemistry

Question 1

Antione Lavoisier

Answer 1

• ## father of modern chemistry

Question 2

Phlogiston Theory

Answer 2

All matter had the ability to burn because of phlogiston. Lost weight in burnt substance is attributed to the burning of phlogiston.

Question 3

Traite de Elementaire

Answer 3

book by Lavoisier that marked the beginning of chemistry

Question 4

Substances that Antoine Lavoisier used to disprove Phlogiston theory

Answer 4

Phosphorus and Mercury

Question 5

Burning

Answer 5

When a substance burns, it combines with oxygen

Question 6

Law of Conservation of Mass

Answer 6

Mass is neither gained nor lost in a chemical change

Question 7

Scientific Method

Answer 7

1. Observation
2. Hypothesis
3. Divorce self from personal bias
4. Predict outcome
5. Experiment
6. Revise hypothesis
7. Test new hypothesis
8. Hypothesis to theory

Question 8

Theory

Answer 8

Hypothesis tested and confirmed by many experiments under varying conditions

Question 9

How did Lavoisier discover oxygen?

Answer 9

Through the works of Joeph Priestly and Carl Wilhelm Scheele

Question 10

Law

Answer 10

Summary of a pattern of regularity in nature

Question 11

How did Lavoisier disprove the phlogiston theory?

Answer 11

• Burned Phosphorus and Mercury
• Observed that the ash weighed more than the original substance
• Water height on bell jar increased, meaning there was less oxygen present
• Possible that the substance is absorbing something (oxygen), instead of the oxygen absorbing something (phlogiston)
• When a substance burns, it combines with oxygen