Introduction To Cartography

Question 1

Define cartography

Answer 1

The art, science, techology of map making and study as scientific documents and work of art

Question 2

Two important functions of maps

Answer 2

1.storage medium for info that humanity needs
2.provides pic of the owrld to help understand spatial patterns

Question 3

Define accuracy as used in cartography

Answer 3

Degree of conformity with a standard

Question 4

Define base map as used in cartography

Answer 4

A map with all important infromation about the earth’s surface used as ref for thematic information

Question 5

Define coordinates

Answer 5

Linear &/ angular quantities that designate the position of a point in relation to a given ref frame/system.

Question 6

Define chart

Answer 6

A special-purpose map designed for navigation or to rep specific data or info.
‘Chart’ is applied chiefly to maps made primarily for nautical and aeronautical navigation, and to maps of outer space.

Question 7

Define datum,vertical datum& horizontal datum

Answer 7

Are reference systems for correlating the results of geographic survay
1.vertical datum is a level surface to ehich heights ate referred
2. Horizontal datum sued to ref position

Question 8

Define graticule

Answer 8

Network of parallels and meridans on amap or chart

Question 9

Define Grid

Answer 9

Network of uniformly spaced parallel lines intersecting at right angles (on a map it usually carries the name of the projection used)

Question 10

Define longitude

Answer 10

Angular distance in (° ‘ “) of a point east or west of greenwich meridian.

Question 11

Define latitude

Answer 11

Angular distance in(° ‘ “) of a point north or south of the equator.

Question 12

Define a map

Answer 12

A rep on plane surface of all/part of the earth showing relative size and position according to the given projection of physical features

Question 13

Define meridian

Answer 13

Great circle on the surface of the earth passing through the geographical poles of the earth and any other given points on the earth’s surface, points of which have the same longitude.

Question 14

Define origin of coordinates

Answer 14

Point in system of coordinates that serves as a zero point in computing the system’s elements

Question 15

Define parallel of latitude

Answer 15

A circle on the earth’s surface parallel to the equator and connecting points of equal latitude

Question 16

Define photogrametry

Answer 16

Science or art of obtaining reliable measurements or info from photographs or other sensing items

Question 17

Define scale

Answer 17

Relationship btwn a distance on a map and the distance in real nature

Question 18

Universal Transverse Mercator grid

Answer 18

Military grid system basedd in the transverse mercator projection, applied to maps of the earth surface extending from the equator to 84°north and to 80° south latitudes

Question 19

List the 4 processes in cartography

Answer 19

1. DATA COLLECTION Collecting and selcting data for mapping
   2.CARTOGRAPHIC ABSTRUCTIONmanipukating and generalizing data/designing and constructing the map
   3.MAP READING AND ANALYSISreading and reviewing the map
   4.MAP INTERPRETATION responding to/ interpreting the information

Question 20

Divide cartography into 3 broad areas

Answer 20

Metrics
Graphics
Techniques and technology

Question 21

Give the 3 ways of expressing map scale

Answer 21

1. Representative fraction
   2.verbal statement
   3.graphic/bar scale

Question 22

What factors should you consider b4 deciding on the scale of the map

Answer 22

Ground coverage
Purpose of the map
Characteristics of the ground
Sheet size
Economy

Question 23

Differentiate small scale and large scale

Answer 23

1:500 - large scale
1:5000 - small scale
The more distance of the ground covered by 1 unit on the map , the smaller the scale.

Question 24

What is scale factor graph

Answer 24

A scale factoe graph indicates the scale for different points on a map when it covers very large areas such as a continent/world bcoz the scale is not constant in such cases

Question 25

List 5 ways of determining the scale of a map in the case that there is none

Answer 25

1. Mesuring distance btwn two points in the map that are known on the ground
2. Using road mileage
3. By using grid values
   4.graticukes on small scale maps
   5.by comparison with another map of the same area