Introduction to Bone Year 1 recap Flashcards
Session Plan: musculoskeletal system
What makes up the MSK system?
The Human Skeleton
Functions of the skeleton
How do bones develop in utero?
Intramembranous Ossification: mesenchymal to bone
Endochondral Ossification
Mesenchymal to cartilage to bone
1) Perichondrium vascularised by blood vessels. These blood vessels start delivering nutrients that are going to stimulate those mesenchymal cells that remain there to differentiate into osteoblasts. Newly formed osteoblasts gather along the diaphysis wall (the outer edge of long bones) and start depositing osteoid to form a bone collar. Primary ossification centre is starting point for endochondral ossification.
2) Formation of the bone collar will cause chondrocytes that remain within that central cavity, to enlarge and send a signal to the surrounding cartilage to calcify. Calcified matrix causes an impermability of nutrients towards the inner portion of that developing bone. The cells in that area are therefore no longer receiving the nutrients they need for survival so causes cell death. Central clearing forms where cells have died (supported by bone collar). While this is all occuring at the primary ossification centre, there are still going to be healthy chondrocytes further distal towards the ends of the bone that are still producing cartilage matrix and are in charge of elongating of that structure.
What are bones made up of?
Bone Cells
Bone Cells – Where to find them
Bone Matrix
What are the different types of bone structure and how are they related to development?
Bone types
Cortical vs. Cancellous Bone
Organization of compact/cortical bone: osteons
Structure of long bones
How do bones grow?
Interstitial Growth
Appositional Growth
Role of Bone in Calcium Homeostasis
Joints & Joint Stability
How do we classify joints?
The proximal tibiofibular joint is formed by an articulation between the head of the fibula and the lateral condyle of the tibia.
It is a plane type synovial joint; where the bones to glide over one another to create movement.
Synovial Joints:
functional types
Synovial joints
How are synovial joints stabilized?
Joint stability
Comparison – Hip vs. Shoulder Stability
Session Review: musculoskeletal system
