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Biomechanics > Introduction to Biomechanics > Flashcards

Introduction to Biomechanics Flashcards

1
Q

What are the three planes of movements

A
  1. Sagittal
  2. Frontal
  3. Transverse
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2
Q

What are the movements performed at the frontal plane

A
  • Elevation
  • Depression
  • Right side bending
  • Left side bending
  • Abduction
  • Adduction
  • Radial deviation
  • Ulna deviation
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3
Q

What are the movements performed at the sagittal plane

A
  • Plantar flexion
  • Dorsi flexion
  • Flexion
  • Extension
  • Protraction
  • Retraction
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4
Q

What are the movements performed at the transverse plane

A
  • Right rotation
  • Left rotation
  • Lateral rotation
  • Medial rotation
  • Upwards rotation
  • Downwards rotation
  • Circumduction
  • Pronation
  • Supination
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5
Q

What are the movements at the neck joint (8)

A
  • Flexion
  • Extension
  • Right rotation
  • Left rotation
  • Right side bending
  • Left side bending
  • Protraction
  • Retraction
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6
Q

What are the movements at the shoulder glenohumeral joint (7)

A
  • Flexion
  • Extension
  • Lateral rotation
  • Medial rotation
  • Abduction
  • Adduction
  • Circumduction
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7
Q

What are the movements at the shoulder girdle (6)

A
  • Elevation
  • Depression
  • Protraction
  • Retraction
  • Upwards rotation
  • Downwards rotation
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8
Q

What are the movements at the elbow joint (2)

A
  • Flexion
  • Extension
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9
Q

What are the movements at the radioulnar (2)

A
  • Pronation
  • Supination
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10
Q

What are the movements at the wrist joint (4)

A
  • Flexion
  • Extension
  • Radial deviation
  • Ulna deviation
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11
Q

What are the movements at the hip joint (7)

A
  • Flexion
  • Extension
  • Adduction
  • Abduction
  • Medial rotation
  • Lateral rotation
  • Circumduction
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12
Q

What are the movements at the knee joint (4)

A
  • Flexion
  • Extension
  • Medial rotation
  • Lateral rotation
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13
Q

What are the movements at the ankle joint (2)

A
  • Plantar flexion
  • Dorsi flexion
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14
Q

Anatomical position

A

Standing upright with feet forward and arms by your side with palms foreword and head neutral looking foreword

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15
Q

Abduction

A

Is movement of a joint away from the midline of the body (alien abducting a human- take away)

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16
Q

Adduction

A

Is movement of a joint towards the midline of the body

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17
Q

Finger abduction

A

Spreading fingers

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18
Q

Finger adduction

A

Closing fingers

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19
Q

Radial deviation

A

Moving the joint towards the radius

20
Q

Ulna deviation

A

Moving the joint towards the ulna

21
Q

Flexion

A

Is a decrease in the angle between two joints

22
Q

Extension

A

Is an increase in the angle between two joints

23
Q

Dorsi flexion

A

Pointing your toes up towards your body

24
Q

Plantar flexion

A

Pointing your toes downwards (like planting your foot)

25
Q

Medial rotation (internal rotation)

A

Rotation towards the midline of the axis of rotation

26
Q

Lateral rotation (external rotation)

A

Rotation away from the midline of the axis of rotation

27
Q

Supination

A

Flipping hand up
(flip your hand like you’re asking for a bowl of soup)

28
Q

Pronation

A

Flipping the hand down
(pro footballers putting their hands in a pile)

29
Q

Inversion

A

Rotate feet outwards
(invert your feet)

30
Q

Eversion

A

Rotate your feet inwards

31
Q

Elevation

A

Lift shoulders up

32
Q

Depression

A

Lift shoulders down

33
Q

Protraction

A

Protrude or stick out a part of the body

34
Q

Retraction

A

Posteromedial movement of the scapula on the thoracic wall

35
Q

Circumduction

A

Circular motion

36
Q

Active motion

A

Which means when the patient is moving the joint through their own effort

37
Q

Passive motion

A

Which means the motion being done by either your hands or by a machine

38
Q

Resisted motion

A

Which is some kind of resistance is being placed on that motion

39
Q

Synovial fluid definition

A

Is a clear, viscous fluid found in the cavities of synovial joints to act as lubricant, shock absorber and a nutrient supply

40
Q

Joint capsule definition

A

Is a fibrous structure that surrounds and encloses the synovial joint

41
Q

Articular cartilage definition

A

Is a specialised type of hyaline cartilage that covers the surface of bones within synovial joints that has many special functions such as lubrication, shock absorption, nutrient supply, load transmission and smooth surface for bones to move freely

42
Q

Ligaments definition

A

Connects bone to bone

43
Q

Tendons definition

A

Connects muscle to bone

44
Q

Bursae definition

A

A closed, fluid-filled sac that works as a cushion and gliding surface to reduce friction between tissues of the body

45
Q

Nerve definition

A

Is a bundle of fibers that transmit electrical impulses between various parts of the body, allowing for communication between the brain, spinal cord, and various organs, tissues, and muscles

46
Q

Skeletal muscle definition

A

Found throughout the body and functions to contract in response to a stimulus

Biomechanics (6 decks)

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