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Biology > Introduction to Biology > Flashcards

Introduction to Biology Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Define Science.

A

Science is an organised study of knowledge supported by experimentations, observations derived from the natural phenomenon of the entire material universe.

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2
Q

Meaning of Biology.

A

The study of living beings.

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3
Q

How did Biology started?

A

Early men living in caves and jungle collected food from natural vegetation and by hunting down wild animals. Through this activity they came to know about the life, habitats of animals and recognized different parts of various plants and trees.

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4
Q

What are scientists planning in the 20th century?

A

In 20th century, the scientists are planning to create some single-celled organisms from non-living materials like fatty acids and nucleotides.

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5
Q

Who were the first explorers of Biology?

A

The Greeks.

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6
Q

Who are the ‘Fathers of Biology’? Name them.

A

Aristotle, Theophrastus, Hippocrates.

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7
Q

Who is Aristotle?

A

Aristotle studied animals and is also called the ‘Father of Zoology/Biology’. (384-322 B.C.).

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8
Q

Who is Theophrastus?

A

Theophrastus studied plants and is also called the ‘Father of Botany’. (370-285 B.C.).

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9
Q

Who is Hippocrates?

A

Hippocrates studied the science of healing and treating the sick and is also called the ‘Father of Medicine’.

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10
Q

Meaning of Botany.

A

The study of plants

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11
Q

Meaning of Zoology.

A

The study of plants and animals.

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12
Q

Meaning of Human Biology.

A

The study of human beings and his relations with other living organisms.

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13
Q

What is the other name for Human Biology and what does it mean?

A

Anthropology (Anthropos - man and logos - study).

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14
Q

Meaning of Ichthyology.

A

The study of fishes.

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15
Q

Meaning of Herpetology.

A

The study of reptiles.

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16
Q

Meaning of Ornithology.

A

The study of birds.

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17
Q

Meaning of Bacteriology.

A

The study of bacteria.

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18
Q

Meaning of Virology.

A

The study of viruses.

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19
Q

Meaning of Mycology.

A

The study of fungi.

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20
Q

Meaning of Phycology.

A

The study of algae.

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21
Q

What is the other name for Phycology?

A

Algology.

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22
Q

Meaning of Entomology.

A

The study of insects.

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23
Q

Meaning of Embryology.

A

The study of the development of embryos of plants and animals.

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24
Q

Meaning of Taxonomy.

A

The study of grouping, naming, and classifying plants and animals.

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25
Q

What is the other name for Taxonomy?

A

Systematics.

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26
Q

Meaning of Ecology.

A

The study of the relationship of an organism with other biotic(living) and abiotic(non-living) environments.

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27
Q

Meaning of Biogeography.

A

The study of the geographical distribution of plants and animals.

28
Q

Meaning of Palaeontology.

A

The study of prehistoric forms of life through fossils of plants and animals.

29
Q

Meaning of Genetics.

A

The study of the transmission of body characters both similarities and differences from parents to offspring.

30
Q

Meaning of Pathology.

A

The study of diseases of plants and animals.

31
Q

Meaning of Eugenics.

A

The study of improving the human race through controlled heredity.

32
Q

Meaning of Anatomy.

A

The study of gross structures of the organs in an organism as seen in dissection.

33
Q

Meaning of Morphology.

A

The study of forms of structures of plants and animals both externally and internally.

34
Q

Meaning of Histology.

A

The study of small minute structures at the tissue level with the help of a compound microscope.

35
Q

Meaning of Cytology.

A

The study of structures and functions of plant and animal cells.

36
Q

Meaning of Physiology.

A

The study of functions and activities of organisms and their parts.

37
Q

Meaning of Evolution.

A

The study of the origin and descent of organisms.

38
Q

Meaning of Parasitology.

A

The study of parasites.

39
Q

Define parasites.

A

The organisms that live on (ectoparasites) or inside (endoparasites) other organisms and draw nourishment from the host body.

40
Q

Meaning of Immunology.

A

The study of phenomena and the causes of immunity.

41
Q

Meaning of Biochemistry.

A

The study of chemicals and reactions that take place inside living things.

42
Q

Define Horticulture.

A

The science and art of growing fruits, vegetables, and ornamental plants.

43
Q

Define Sericulture.

A

The practice of producing silk by raising silkworms.

44
Q

Define Pisciculture.

A

The practice of growing fish.

45
Q

Define Molecular Biology.

A

Interpreting of biological events in terms of molecules in the cell.

46
Q

Define Biotechnology.

A

The use of microorganisms and living cells in industry and technology like food production, and antibiotic production.

47
Q

Define Bioengineering.

A

The technique of making artificial limbs, joints, and other parts of the body from metal or plastic.

48
Q

Define Space Biology.

A

The study of survival problems of living things in outer space.

49
Q

Define Genomics.

A

The study of genomes as opposed to individual genes. Entire DNA sequence of an organism.

50
Q

Define Biometrics.

A

The study of verification of people by their body features like fingerprints, and iris in the eye.

51
Q

Define Agriculture.

A

The practice of raising crops and livestock.

52
Q

Define Apiculture.

A

The practice of keeping bees for the manufacture of honey and beeswax.

53
Q

Define Veterinary Science.

A

The study of treatment and surgery of animals.

54
Q

Define Marine Biology.

A

The study of life in the sea.

55
Q

Define Household Biology.

A

The study of household animals and also how to prevent us and others from getting damaged.

56
Q

Define Cloning.

A

The process of producing genetically identical individuals of an organism either naturally or artificially.

57
Q

Define Nuclear Biology.

A

The study of effects of nuclear activity on living things.

58
Q

What is the other name for Nuclear Biology?

A

Radiation Biology.

59
Q

Define Exobiology.

A

The study of life elsewhere in the universe.

60
Q

Define Bioinformatics.

A

Management and analysis of biological information stored in databases.

61
Q

How does Biology help us by using the term Appreciation of Nature?

A

Biology helps us to understand the basic unity of all living things in their essential features.

62
Q

How does Biology help us by using the term Keeping healthy?

A

Biology helped us to understand the causes of diseases by how germs are spread by agents which dangers us to take proper care of our health and live longer.

63
Q

How does Biology help us by using the term Conservation of natural resources?

A

Biology has made both the people and government realize the danger of cutting down trees and killing wild animals. Similarly, it also promotes the conservation of petroleum, coal, and metal deposits on our planet.

64
Q

How does Biology help us by using the term Growing more food?

A

New varieties of foods are being developed with the knowledge of Biology. This also has helped us to know about the cure of food sources like plants and animals which all helped us to produce more supply of foods.

65
Q

How does Biology help us by using the term Making us conscious citizens?

A

Biology helps us in solving sanitization problems. And made us think about the need to reduce the rate of population, industries, and transport causing pollution problems making the life of human beings more dangerous. Increasing the use of insecticides results in health hazards. Biology helps us to fight these causes and cure them.

66
Q

How does Biology help us by using the term Biology necessary for certain careers?

A

Biology opened numerous career options to choose like doctors, dentists, pathologists, etc.

Biology (2 decks)

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