Introduction to Biological molecules Flashcards
What are covalent bonds?
bonds where atoms share a pair of electrons in there outer shells.
what is the benefit of covalent bonds?
the sharing of electrons means the outer shell is filled making a more stable compound called a molecule
what are ionic bonds?
the electrostatic attraction between oppositely charged ions
what is a Negative of ionic bonds?
they are weaker than covalent bonds
what are hydrogen bonds?
where the negative region of one polarised molecule and the positively charged region of another attract forming a weak electrostatic bond.
what is the name of the process that links together monomers to form long chains called polymers?
polymerisation
what happens in a condensation reaction?
a chemical bond forms between two molecules producing a molecule of water.
give two examples of condensation reactions.
- the formation of a polypeptide from amino acids
- the formation of polysaccharide starch from the monosaccharide glucose
what happens in a hydrolysis reaction?
a water molecule is used to break a chemical bond between two molecules.
give two examples of hydrolysis reactions.
1.polypeptides can be hydrolysed into amino acids
2. starch can be hydrolysed into glucose
what is the definition of metabolism?
all the chemical processes that take place in living organisms
what is a molar solution?
a solution that contains one mole of solute in each litre of solution.
