introduction to behavioral sciences Flashcards
what is the definition of behavioral science?
the science concerned with the observation, study and explanation of human behavior, either in an individual or in groups
what is the definition of behavioral science in terms of patients?
the study of individual differences in patient’s behaviors
what is the spectrum of behavioral sciences?
1-psychology
2- sociology
3- anthropology
4- ethology
5- ecology
6- epidemiology
define psychology
the study of the mind
describe psychology
the study of the nature, functions and phenomena of human beings
define sociology
the study of society
describe sociology
the study of the development, nature and law of human society
what does sociology focus on?
1- social stratification
2- social mobility
3- secularization
4- deviance
5- social class
6- religion
7- law
define secularization
process of changing religious values into non-religious values
define social stratification
categorization of people into ranks, based on factors such as wealth, income, family background and power
define social mobility
movement of position of a person overtime, within the social stratification system
define deviance
exploration of action/behavior which goes against social norms which was agreed on
describe anthropology
study of the origins, history and mechanism/constitution of human cultures. the latter refers to how human cultures work and what it consists of
describe ethology
study of behavior of non-human species in the natural setting
describe ecology
deals with the relations f human beings to the environment as well as the quantification of this relationships
what does quantification of relationship mean?
collection of data from the relationship
define epidemiology
study of illness in a defined population
what is the definition of behavior?
actions/reactions of an object or organism, usually in relation to the environment
what is the definition of human behavior?
collection of behaviors exhibited by human beings
what are the classification of behaviors?
1- conscious or unconscious
2- voluntary or involuntary
3- overt or covert
* behavior easily detected/observed or not observed
what is the range of human behavior?
1- common vs unusual
2- acceptable vs outside of acceptability
what does an acceptable human behavior mean?
evaluated relative to social and moral norms and regulated via means of social control
what are the categories of human behavior?
1- behavior detectability
2- behavior purposive/goal-driven
3-behavior involving performance/skilled behavior
4- instinctual behavior
define behavior detectability
behaviour which we can detect with our sense
define behavior purposive/goal-driven
involves action
define behavior involving performance/skilled behavior
behavior that demonstrates skills of various kinds, from work to sport
what can human behavior be influenced by?
1- culture
2- emotion
3- ethics
4- rapport
5- persuasion
6-force/coercion
7- genetics
8- attributes
9- values
10-hypnosis
11- authority
what is the relevance of behavioral sciences to health and medicine?
1- aetiology of illness[ cuase of illness]
2- presentation of illness
3-delievery of healthcare
4- aspects of social and psychological treatment
what is psychological test used in?
to help with psychiatric diagnosis
what factors of behavioral sciences have relevance to health and medicine?
behavioural,social and cultural factors
what is the relevance of behavioral and social factors in health and medicine?
play a role in planning of healthcare as it is used in assessment and treatment of physical and psychiatric disorders
what are the methods of studying human behavior?
1- observation
2- questionaries
3- structured interviews
4- psychometric test
5- psychophysiological techniques
what are ways to have a structured interview?
use:
1- check list
2- rating scales
3- self rating scales
what are the sources of data?
official reports
institution reports
national and local data
what are the determinants of behavior?
1- biological determinants[main one]
2- learning[conditioning]
3-sociocultural factors
4- psychosocial factord
what are the divisions of biological determinants?
genetic influence
growth and developmental influence
biochemical influence
physcho physiological parametres
why is biological determinants the main form of determinants of behavior?
the greater the complex system, the greater the capacity to learn new responses, hence greater complexity in behavior
