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Automotive Technician > Introduction to Auto Repair > Flashcards

Introduction to Auto Repair Flashcards

1
Q

What are the eight repair areas

A 
A1. Engine Repair
A2. Automatic Transmission and Transaxle
A3. Manual Drive Train and Axles
A4. Steering and Suspension System
A5. Brakes
A6. Electrical and Electronic Systems
A7. Heating and Air Conditioning
A8. Engine Performance
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2
Q

What is the source of the vehicle’s power

A

The Engine

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3
Q

What is a drivetrain

A

A system that connects the engine and transmission to the wheels

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4
Q

What are the three basic drivetrain categories

A

Front-wheel drive, rear-wheel drive and four-wheel drive

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5
Q

What is the purpose of the transmission

A

To fluently allow the automobile to operate at normal capacity over different terrains and speeds

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6
Q

What are the two types of transmissions

A

Manual and Automatic

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7
Q

What is disengaged when changing gear ratio’s on a manual transmission

A

The Clutch

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8
Q

Front-wheel drive vehicles use what type of transmission

A

transaxle

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9
Q

What keeps the tires in contact with the road

A

The vehicle suspension

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10
Q

Which two components allow the driver to operate the automobile

A

The steering system and suspension

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11
Q

What is the purpose of electronic power steering

A

Aids the driver to turn fluently

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12
Q

What are the two types of brake systems

A

Drum brakes and disc brakes

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13
Q

What prevents a vehicle from locking up during a sudden stop

A

Antilock brake system

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14
Q

What is considered the brains of the vehicle

A

The electrical and electronic systems

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15
Q

All automotive electrical systems operate on what type of current

A

Direct current

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16
Q

What is direct current

A

A constant source of electrical voltage that does not vary

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17
Q

An automatic transmission can have how many gear ratio speeds.

A

Four to Eight

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18
Q

An manual transmission can have how many gear ratio speeds.

A

Four or Five

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19
Q

What type of engines do automobiles use

A

Internal combustion engines

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20
Q

The ____ is a hollow metal tube that’s drilled into the metal engine block.

A

cylinder

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21
Q

The ____ is a can-shaped metal component that can move up and down inside the cylinder.

A

piston

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22
Q

The top of the cylinder is sealed by a metal cover called the ____

A

The cylinder head

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23
Q

The small open space above the piston is called the ____

A

Combustion Chamber

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24
Q

A piston located at the lowest point is called ____

A

Bottom dead center

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25
Q

A piston located at the highest point is called ____

A

Top dead center

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26
Q

What is the purpose of a piston ring

A

To form a tight seal between the piston and the cylinder

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27
Q

The diameter of a cylinder is referenced as

A

Bore

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28
Q

The movement of the piston from top to bottom is called ____

A

Stroke

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29
Q

What is clearance/compression/combustion space

A

The space between the piston and cylinder head, when the piston is at top dead center

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30
Q

When the engine is oversquared

A

The bore is larger than the stroke - power is rpm

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31
Q

When the engine is undersquared

A

The stroke is larger than the bore - power is torque

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32
Q

Before top dead center (BTDC)

A

Before top dead center is a point of piston travel through its upstroke.

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33
Q

After top dead center (ATDC)

A

After top dead center is a point of piston travel through its downstroke.

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34
Q

Square engine

A

This term is used to describe an engine in which the cylinder bore diameter is exactly equal to the piston stroke dimension. When bore and stroke values are expressed, bore always appears before stroke.

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35
Q

What is the Otto-Cycle

A

Take in air and fuel (Intake)
Compress (squeeze) the air and fuel (Compression)
Ignite and burn the air-and-fuel mixture (Power)
Get rid of the burned fuel gases (Exhaust)

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36
Q

What are the two types of gasoline engines

A

Two-stroke and Four-stroke

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37
Q

A four stroke engine contains two mechanical valves called

A

Intake/Exhaust

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38
Q

GDI

A

In gasoline direct injection (GDI), the fuel is injected directly into the combustion chamber where the air and fuel are mixed together, similar to a diesel engine.

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39
Q

What is work

A

Work is force times distance, expressed in foot-pounds or Newton-meters.

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40
Q

____ is a form of work, calculated by multiplying force times length.

A

Torque

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41
Q

____ is the rate of doing work or torque, and equals 550 foot-pounds per second.

A

Horsepower

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42
Q

____ is the volume of displacement in the pistons, measured in cubic inches or liters.

A

Engine Size

43
Q

What does compression ratio compare

A

Compression ratio compares the cylinder volumes at BDC and TDC.

44
Q

Intake Stage

A

air that has been mixed with fuel is drawn into the cylinder.

45
Q

Compression Stage

A

the piston rises and compresses the air-and-fuel mixture that’s trapped in the combustion chamber.

46
Q

Power Stage

A

the air-and-fuel mixture is ignited by a spark, and the contained explosion of the fuel presses the piston back down in the cylinder. The downward motion of the piston is transferred to the rod and crankshaft.

47
Q

Exhaust Stage

A

the burned exhaust gases are released from the cylinder. The four stages then begin all over again.

48
Q

The total engine ___________ is stated as the volume of the space swept through by all the pistons.

A

Displacement

49
Q

The ___________ is the ratio of the total cylinder volume to the clearance volume.

A

Compression Ratio

50
Q

ASE

A

Automotive Service Excellence

51
Q

NATEF

A

National Automotive Technician Education Foundation

52
Q

General Service Technician

A

A individual who can repair any type of mechanical problem that occurs on a vehicle

53
Q

Specialty Technician

A

A person that specializes in repair of one certain aspect

54
Q

Lubrication Specialist

A

A technician that lubricates all the moving parts of an automobile, checks oil levels in the engine, transmission, and inspects battery, radiator, steering system, shock absorbers, and tires

55
Q

Diagnostic Technician

A

A specialist who uses a written checklist to inspect each vehicle system, reviews the checks, and provides estimated cost

56
Q

Diagnostic Center

A

A shop that estimates repairs

57
Q

Parts Specialist

A

A individual responsible for ordering, inventorying, and distributing parts to repair technicians in the shop

58
Q

Brakes Specialist

A

A person who troubleshoots, repairs, an replaces all brake systems

59
Q

Transmission Specialist

A

A person who works on gear trains, couplings, hydraulic pumps, and other transmission parts

60
Q

Front End Specialist

A

A person who services and repairs steering systems and performs wheel balancing jobs and alignments

61
Q

Electrical System Specialist

A

Technician that handles repairs on alternators, starters, and electrical wiring. In addition to electrical accessories such as seat controls, windows, door locks, etc.

62
Q

Passenger Comfort Specialist

A

A person who installs troubleshoots and repairs heating and air conditioning systems in automobiles

63
Q

Maintenance and Light Repair Technician

A

A person who checks out and prepares cars for delivery through testing and operating all the car systems, and performs checkups offered by the dealership after certain mileage is reached.

64
Q

Service Consultant

A

A person who deals directly with customers, also called service adviser or service writer

65
Q

Service Manager

A

A person who is in charge of the repair shops entire service department and responsible for overall operation of the shop

66
Q

Fleet Technician

A

A person employed by a organization to service all company owned vehicles

67
Q

Mobile Business

A

A business where technicians takes service calls and travels to each site with all the tools neccessary

68
Q

Engine

A

The source of a vehicle’s power, basic work needed to operate all other parts of the vehicle

69
Q

Drivetrain

A

The system that connects the engine and transmission to the wheels

70
Q

Front-Wheel Drive System

A

Known as FWD, most common drivetrain, two front wheels are driven by the engine and two rear wheels rotate freely

71
Q

Read-Wheel Drive System

A

RWD, drivetrain that only uses two rear wheels while the two front wheels rotate freely

72
Q

Four-Wheel Drive System

A

A drivetrain where all wheels of vehicle are driven by the engine, also called AWD

73
Q

Transmission System

A

System that helps a vehicle change speeds to operate efficiently in all conditions

74
Q

Automatic Transmission

A

A transmission that shifts gears automatically with a limited amount of input from the driver

75
Q

Manual Transmission

A

A transmission drive in which gear ratios are changed by manually shifiting

76
Q

Clutch

A

The connection between the engine and transmission

77
Q

Electrical System

A

The system that manages everything from engine operation to the temperature inside the vehicle, brains of automobile

78
Q

Heating, Ventilation, and Cooling System

A

Also called HVAC, system designed to keep vehicle at optimal temperature

79
Q

Gear Ratio

A

The number of turns/revolutions made by a drive gear compared to the number of turns made by a driven gear, also the ratio between the number of teeth on two gears

80
Q

Transaxle

A

A device that combines a transmission and drivetrain in all one unit

81
Q

Steering System

A

A system that allows the driver to control the direction of the vehicle

82
Q

Suspension System

A

A system that keeps the tires in contact with the road

83
Q

Electronic Power Steering System

A

A system where electronic motor provides powered assistance to the driver known as EPS

84
Q

Power Assist

A

A system that makes it easier to turn the steering wheel

85
Q

Antilock Brake System

A

Also called ABS; brake systems that uses wheel speed sensors, computer, and hydraulic actuator to maintain directional stability and steerability during braking, prevents wheel lock ups and skidding

86
Q

Internal Combustion Engine

A

An engine where fuel is burned on the inside; power as in modern vehicles

87
Q

External Combustion Engine

A

An engine where fuel is burned on the outside; steam engines

88
Q

Cylinder

A

Hollow tube drilled into the metal engine block

89
Q

Engine Block

A

Central casting of the engine

90
Q

Piston

A

Can-shaped metal component that rides up and down in the cylinder, main moving part in an engine

91
Q

Cylinder Head

A

Metal cover that attaches the engine block and contains combustion chambers, valves, and spark plugs

92
Q

Combustion Chamber

A

The volume of space about the piston with the piston at the top dead center in which the compression stroke, its formed by the head of the piston, cylinder walls and the cylinder head

93
Q

Spark Plug

A

Component in the cylinder head used to make sparks that will ignite an air-and-fuel mixture in the cylinder and cause it to burn

94
Q

Rod and Crankshaft Assembly

A

Parts in an engine that convert up-and-down motion of the piston into rotary motion

95
Q

Rotary motion

A

Type of motion the movement is in a circular motion, also called circular motion

96
Q

Bottom Dead Center

A

BDC; lowest position in the cylinder that a piston can travel without traversing its direction

97
Q

Clearance Volume

A

Space above a piston when its at top dead center

98
Q

Squared Engine

A

An engine in which the cylinder bore and piston stroke are equal

99
Q

Oversquared Engine

A

An engine in which the bore is larger than the piston stroke dimension

100
Q

Undersquared Engine

A

An engine in which the cylinder bore diameter is smaller than the stroke dimension

101
Q

Four-Stroke Cycle

A

Also called the Otto cycle, four stages of operating an engine

102
Q

Thermal Efficiency

A

Portion of head supplied to the engine that is turned into work

103
Q

Work

A

Transfer of energy from one physical system to another

104
Q

Combustion

A

The intense burning of fuel-air mixture in the combustion chamber

Automotive Technician (3 decks)

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