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Pharmacology > Introduction To ANS > Flashcards

Introduction To ANS Flashcards

1
Q

Types of Muscarinic Receptors
Functions
Receptor Mechanism

A

M1: Neural receptor, Gastric Secretions (IP3 DAG)
M2: Cardiac (cGMP)
M3: Glandular and smooth muscle (IP3 DAG)
M4: CNS neurons, Vagal Nerve endings (cGMP)
M5: Vascular endothelium esp. cerebral vessels (IP3 DAG)

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2
Q

Receptor that causes release NO

A

M3

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3
Q

Mechanism of vasodilation from M3 receptor

A

M3 —> IP3 DAG —> Vascular endothelium release of NO —> cGMP —> relaxation (vasodilation)

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4
Q

2nd messenger of parasympathetic

A

CGMP

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5
Q

2nd messenger of sympathetic

A

CAMP

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6
Q

Pirenzepine MOA and function

A

Selective M1 blocker

Affects secretion of Parietal cells

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7
Q

Gastrozepine MOA and function

A

Selective M1 blocker

Blocks secretion of parietal cells without affecting the GI walls

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8
Q

Atropine MOA and function

A 
Non selective M blocker
Blocks secretions (M1) and muscular walls (M3)
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9
Q

MOA of muscarinic receptors

A

GPCR

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10
Q

MOA of nicotine causes receptors

A

Ion channels

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11
Q

Location of nicotinic receptors

A
  1. All autonomic ganglia
  2. All somatic NMJ endings
  3. Some CNS neurons
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12
Q

Types of Nicotinic receptors, MOA and functions

A

NM (muscle type)- Skeletal muscle NMJ end plates (opening of N and K channels: depolarisation)
NN (neuronal type)- Ganglion receptors, Autonomic post neurons (opening of N and K channels)

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13
Q

Types of nicotinic receptors and structure

A

NM: a1 and b1 subunits in addition to gamma and delta
NN: two a3 and one b4 in addition to gamma and delta

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14
Q

Trimethaphan MOA and function

A

Block the effect of ACh on autonomic ganglia

Selective nicotinic receptor antagonist

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15
Q

Tubocurarine MOA and function

A

Selective nicotinic receptor antagonist

Block the effect of ACh on skeletal muscles

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16
Q

Phentolamine MOA

A

Non-selective alpha adrenergic antagonist

17
Q

Alpha adrenoceptor interaction with adrenergic agonist in descending order of potency

A

Epi=nor»isoproterenol

18
Q

Beta1 adrenoceptor interaction with adrenergic agonist in descending order of potency

A

Isoproteranol>epi>/=nor

19
Q

Atenolol

A

Relatively selective beta blocker

20
Q

Beta2 adrenoceptor interaction with adrenergic agonist in descending order of potency

A

Isoproteranol = epi&raquo_space; nor

21
Q

Alpha 1 and beta 2 effect on pregnant uterus

A

A1: uterine contraction
B2: relaxation (to delay premature labour)

22
Q

Alpha 1 and beta 2 effect on vascular smooth muscle (skeletal muscle)

A

A1: vasoconstriction (leading to vasospasm)
B2: relaxation — vasodilation (used for patients having vasospastic conditions) (i.e. Buerger’s disease and Reynaud’s phenomenon)

23
Q

2 classes of NTs of the ANS

A

Cholinergic (Acetylcholine)
Adrenergic (Phenylethylamine/catecholamine)

Remember to use these classification because sympa not always catecholamine and para not always acetylcholine (i.e. sweat glands are sympa by cholinergic in nature)

24
Q

Saxitoxin and Tetrodotoxin MOA and function

A

Blocks Na Channels

Local anaesthetic

25
Q

Metyrosine MOA and function

A

Blocks catecholamine synthesis by block tyrosine hydroxylase (try to dop)
Decreases catecholamine in circulation

26
Q

Reserpine MOA and function

A

Disrupts NT storage

Depletes catecholamine level to almost 0

27
Q

Botulinum toxin MOA and function

A

Prevents release of ACh from the cholinergic vehicle

Causes muscle relaxation

28
Q

Tyramine, Amphetamine MOA and function

A

Promotes NE transmitter release

Increased sympathetic effects

29
Q

Cocaine MOA and function

A

Inhibits NE, Ser, and Dop reuptake after release
Previously used as anaesthetic
Prolonged sympathetic effects

30
Q

Bethanecol MOA and function

A

Activates muscarinic receptor

Smooth muscle stimulant (GIT, urinary)

31
Q

Atropine MOA and function

A

Anti-muscarinic

Muscle relaxation

32
Q

Neostigmine MOA and function

A

Enzymatic degradation of NT (Anticholinesterase)

Inhibits ACh

Pharmacology (2 decks)

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