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BMS191 Week 1 - Intro, Homeostasis, Anatomical Terms & Body Cavities > Introduction to Anatomy and Physiology > Flashcards

Introduction to Anatomy and Physiology Flashcards

1
Q

What is the study of Anatomy?

A

Anatomy is the study of body structures and their relationships to each other.

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2
Q

Gross Anatomy

A

The study of relatively large structures that are usually visible with the unaided eye.

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3
Q

Microscopic Anatomy

A

The study of structures that need magnification to be viewed (e.g. tissues and cells)

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4
Q

What is the study of Physiology?

A

Physiology is the study of how the body normally functions. It studies how each part works and how each part works together to ensure the normal function of the body.

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5
Q

Why study anatomy and physiology?

A

How body parts work (ie. their physiology) are interrelated to their structure (ie. their anatomy).

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6
Q

What are the six characteristics of living organisms?

A

Metabolism, Responsiveness, Movement, Growth, Differentiation & Reproduction.

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7
Q

What are the six levels of structural organisation of the human body?

A

Chemical, Cellular, Tissue, Organ, Organ System, Organism.

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8
Q

What are the eleven systems of the human body?

A

Integumentary, Skeletal, Muscular, Nervous, Endocrine, Cardiovascular, Lymphatic, Respiratory, Digestive, Urinary, Reproductive.

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9
Q

What is the study of Biology?

A

The study of living organisms (LIFE)

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10
Q

Metabolism description

A

All of the chemical processes that occur in the human body to maintain life.

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11
Q

The two phases of Metabolism

A

Catabolism - the breakdown of molecules.

Anabolism - the building of molecules

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12
Q

Responsiveness description

A

The bodies ability to detect and respond to changes in it’s internal or external environment.

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13
Q

Movement description

A

The motion or movement of the whole body, the individual organs, single cells and structures inside cells.

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14
Q

Locomotion

A

A movement that takes a part of the body (ie cells) from one place to another.

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15
Q

Growth

A

An increase in body size.

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16
Q

What causes Growth

A

Increase in: Number of cells, size of cells or amount of surrounding material.

17
Q

Differentiation description

A

The process by which cells become specialised for a specific function.

18
Q

Reproduction

A

Growth of new cells for tissue growth and repair. The production of a new living organism.

19
Q

Chemical Level

A

Single atoms and molecules (a combination of atoms).

20
Q

Cellular Level

A

Cells are produced by a combination of billions of molecules. Cells are the smallest living units in the body,

21
Q

Tissue Level

A

A group of cells and the material that surrounds them to perform one or more specific functions.

22
Q

Organ Level

A

Consists of two or more tissues working to perform specific functions. A body structure made up of a combination of different types of tissues.

23
Q

Organ System Level

A

There are 11 organ systems in the body. A collection of organs interacting to perform a common function (ie. Cardiovascular System).

24
Q

Organism Level

A

All parts of the body functioning together make up the human organism.

25
Q

Integumentary System - Functions

A

Protects against environmental hazards. Helps control body temperature.

26
Q

Skeletal System - Functions

A

Provides support, protects tissues, stores minerals, forms blood cells.

27
Q

Muscular System - Functions

A

Produces movement. Provides support. Generates heat.

28
Q

Nervous System - Functions

A

Directs immediate responses to stimuli, usually be coordinating the activities of other organ systems.

29
Q

Endocrine System - Functions

A

Directs long-term changes in other organ systems.

30
Q

Cardiovascular System - Functions

A

Transports cells and dissolved materials, including nutrients, wastes and gases.

31
Q

Lymphatic System - Functions

A

Defends against infection and disease. Returns tissue fluid to the bloodstream.

32
Q

Respiratory System - Functions

A

Delivers air to sites where gas exchange occurs between the air and circulating blood. Produces sound.

33
Q

Digestive System - Functions

A

Processes food and absorbs organic nutrients, minerals, vitamins and water.

34
Q

Urinary System - Functions

A

Eliminates excess water, salts and waste products, pH regulation.

35
Q

Reproductive System - Functions

A

Produces sex cells and hormones. Supports embryonic development from fertilization to birth (female).

BMS191 Week 1 - Intro, Homeostasis, Anatomical Terms & Body Cavities (1 decks)

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