Introduction to Anatomical sciences

Question 1

What is the etymology of the word anatomy?

Answer 1

Cutting Up

Question 2

Give two examples of fields of applied anatomy.

Answer 2

Industry - Designing equipment/furniture that fits the human body
Clinical - Understanding how anatomy affects movement, pathology and surgical interventions

Question 3

Give a brief history of the development of anatomical study

Answer 3

• Pre-renaissance - Inaccurate diagrams of human anatomy
• Renaissance - Human dissections
• Modern - Computer generated imagery gaining the upper hand

Question 4

Give the anatomical regions and list their constituents.

Answer 4

Trunk - Back, thorax, abdomen, pelvis and perineum
Upper limb - Shoulder girdle, arm, forearm, hand and finger
Lower arm - Gluteal, Thigh, Leg and foot

Question 5

What is palpation?

Answer 5

The process of using ones hands to check the body.

Question 6

When palpating how would you distinguish between different structures?

Answer 6

Bone - Rigid and does not change shape
Artery - Has a pulse
Vein - Becomes engorged when blocked
Fat - Soft and pliable
Muscle - Stiffness changes based on muscle contraction
Tendon - Becomes more taught when muscles contract

Question 7

List body cavities

Answer 7

Cranial
Vertebral
Thoracic
Abdominal
Pelvic

Question 8

Name and describe the anatomical planes

Answer 8

Saggital - Splits the body left and right
Frontal - Splits the body front and back
Transverse - Splits the body top and bottom

Question 9

List and describe the anatomical directions

Answer 9

Flexion/Extension
Abduction/Adduction
Internal/External rotation
Supination/Pronation
Plantar/Dorsiflexion
Elevation/Depression
Inversion/Eversion
Superior - Towards the top
Inferior - Towards the bottom
Proximal - Toward the trunk
Distal - Further from the trunk
Medial - Middle
Lateral - Side
Anterior - Front
Posterior - Back