INTRODUCTION TO ANALYTIC CHEMISTRY Flashcards
is the branch of chemistry that deals with methods for determining the chemical composition of samples of matter.
Analytical chemistry
it is the art and science of determining ______________ (qualitative) and ____________________ (quantitative)
what matter is; how much of it exists
is the analysis of material samples to gain an understanding of their ____________, ____________, and __________.
chemical composition; structure; function.
The branch of chemistry that deals with the ___________, _____________, and ____________ of components in a sample.
separation; identification; determination
Branch of Analytical chemistry that is the determination of chemical identity of the species in the sample.
Qualitative Analytical Chemistry
Branch of Analytical chemistry that seeks to establish the presence of a given element or inorganic compound in a sample
Qualitative Analytical Chemistry
Branch of analytical chemistry that also seeks to establish the presence of a given functional group or organic compound in a sample.
Qualitative analytical chemistry
Branch of analytical chemistry that seeks to establish the amount of a given element or compound in a sample.
Quantitative Analytical Chemistry
Branch of analytical chemistry that is the determination of how much a material is present in a sample
Quantitative Analytical Chemistry
Chemical analysis which helps in finding the spatial arrangement of atoms in a molecule the presence or position of certain organic functional groups in a given compound
Structural analysis
Chemical analysis that plays an important role in material studies to obtain surface related physical properties such as topography, depth profiling, orientation of molecules, etc.
Surface analysis
Tools by analytical targets
-Bioanalytical chemistry
-Material analysis
-Chemical analysis
-Environmental analysis
-Forensics
Tools by analytical methods
-Spectroscopy
-Mass Spectrometry
-Chromatography
-Electrophoresis
-Crystallography
-Microscopy
-Electrochemistry
-X-ray Techniques
-Miscellaneous Techniques
Traditional analytical technique that involves the addition of a reactant to a solution being analyzed until some equivalence point is reached.
Titration
Traditional analytical technique that involves determining the amount of material present by weighing the sample before and/or after some transformation.
Gravimetric analysis
generally refers to a systematic scheme to confirm the presence of certain, usually aqueous, ions or elements by performing a series of reactions that eliminate ranges of possibilities and then confirms suspected ions with a confirming test.
Inorganic qualitative analysis
Example of inorganic qualitative analysis that is one of the oldest and traditional part of qualitative inorganic analysis used to test for the presence of certain metals.
Borax Bead Test or Blister Test
It was introduced by Berzelius in 1812.
Borax Bead Test or Blister Test
example of inorganic qualitative analysis that – is used to visually determine the identity of an unknown metal or metalloid ion based on the characteristic color the salt turns the flame of a Bunsen burner
Flame Tests
two methods of flame tests
Classic Wire Loop Method; Wooden Splint or Cotton Swab Method
Instrumental analytical techniques that measures the interaction of the molecules with electromagnetic radiation
Spectroscopy
Instrumental analytical techniques that measures mass-to-charge ratio of molecules using electric and magnetic fields
Mass spectrometry
Instrumental analytical techniques that is a technique that characterizes the chemical structure of materials at the atomic level by analyzing the diffraction patterns of usually x-rays that have been deflected by atoms in the material
Crystallography
Instrumental analytical technique that measures the interaction of the material with an electric field
Electrochemistry
Instrumental analytical techniques that measure the interaction of a material and heat
Calorimetry and thermogravimetric analysis
these are used to decrease the complexity of material mixtures
Separation processes
“is the technique in which the components of a mixture are separated based upon the rates at which they are carried or moved through a stationary phase (column) by a gaseous or liquid mobile phase”
Chromatography
This technique is actually a separation process by applying an electric field.
Electrophoresis
The visualization of single molecules, single cells, biological tissues and nano-micro materials is very important and attractive approach in analytical science.
Microscopy
Three categories of microscopy
optical microscopy, electron microscopy, and scanning probe microscopy.
category of microscopy that is a general term for a wide variety of microscopic techniques, which measure the morphology and properties of surfaces on the atomic scale.
Scanning Probe Microscopy
Is a Miniaturized analytical instrumentation, which is also called as microfluidics or micro total analysis system (μTAS)
Lab-on-a-chip
Miscellaneous technique that are used to monitor pollutants in environmental studies by determining the carbon contents of the trace compounds
Total Organic Carbon Analyzer (TOC)
Miscellaneous technique that is used to estimate percentage compositions of elements like carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen and sulfur present in newly synthesized organic compounds, pharmaceuticals, etc.
Elemental Analyzer (CHN/S)
Miscellaneous technique that is used to analyze and quantitate optically active compounds like sugar.
Polarimetry
Miscellaneous techniques that are used to get the structural information of optically active compounds like, amino acids, proteins, etc.
UV/Visible Spectropolarimetry (Circular Dichroism (CD) and Optical Rotatory Dispersion (ORD)
Importance of analytical chemistry in pharmacy
- To determine shelf-life of compound.
- To determine adulterants.
- Drug dissolution studies.
Application of analytical chem in agriculture
- Soil Testing
- Water Testing
- Harvested Crop Testing
Application of analytical chem in environment
air condition (pollution), water and soil contents
Application of analytical chem in Medical Technology and research
-diagnosis
