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Abdominal Sonography A&P > Introduction to abdominal sonography > Flashcards

Introduction to abdominal sonography Flashcards

1
Q

Anatomic postiion

A

Standing, eyes forward, arms are at the sides with palms and toes forward

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2
Q

The transverse plan is divided into…

A

upper and lower portions

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3
Q

The sagittal plane is divided into…

A

Right and left portions

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4
Q

The coronal plane is divided into…

A

Anterior and posterior portions

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5
Q

When the patient is supine the patients head is facing…

A

Patients head is facing UP

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6
Q

When the patient is in the prone position the patients head is…

A

The patients face is on the table

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7
Q

What are the 4 quadrants

A

Right Upper Quadrant (RUQ), Left Upper Quadrant (LUQ), Right Lower Quadrant (RLQ), Left Lower Quadrant (LLQ)

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8
Q

Dorsal cavity

A

More posterior and is divided into the cranial (brain) cavity and the spinal cavity

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9
Q

Ventral cavity

A

Anterior body surface cavity that is further divided into the thoracic cavity and the abdominal cavity

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10
Q

Crua

A

diaphragmatic bands that anchor the diaphragm

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11
Q

Right and left crus

A

anchors the diaphragm around the esophagus

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12
Q

Arcuate ligaments / Median arcuate ligament

A

Connects the medial boarders of the two aura (right and left crus) as they cross anterior to the aorta

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13
Q

Thoracic cavity has 2 pleural sacs that…

A

each contains a ling with the mediastinum between them

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14
Q

Mediastinum

A

Heart, thymus gland, part of the esophagus and the trachea

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15
Q

Pericardial sac

A

cavity around the heart

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16
Q

Morison’s pouch

A

Between the R lobe of liver and R kidney, this is an area where fluid collects

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17
Q

Pouch of Douglas

A

aka posterior cul-de-sac, posterior to the uterus and anterior to the rectum

18
Q

Anterior cul-de-sac

A

anterior to the uterus and posterior to the urinary bladder

19
Q

Ascites

A

Fluid in the abdominal cavity (likely found in Morisons pouch)

20
Q

Pleural effusion

A

fluid in the thoracic cavity, will be superior to the diaphragm

21
Q

Acoustic window

A

optimal location on the body for placement of the transducer

22
Q

Echogenicity

A

the quality of echos (comparative term)

23
Q

Anechoic/ sonolucent

A

No echoes - will appear black/dark on the image

24
Q

Hypoechoic

A

fewer echoes- dark but not black on image

25
Q

Hyperechoic/ echogenic

A

abundant echoes- bright gray/white on the image

26
Q

Isoechoic

A

Same echogenicity- can be difficult to see on the US

27
Q

Homogeneous

A

uniform in texture

28
Q

Heterogeneous

A

irregular in texture

29
Q

Diffuse

A

infiltrated

30
Q

Localized

A

A mass or masses

31
Q

Three qualities of a true cyst

A

Anechoic, defined walls, posterior through transmission

32
Q

Complex

A

Having mixed echogenicies, a structure that has both fluid and solid components

33
Q

Fluid-fluid level

A

2 fluids within a structure, a thick liquid within a watery liquid

34
Q

Loculated

A

thin (benign) separations within a watery mass or tumor

35
Q

Septated

A

thick (malignant) separations within a watery mass or tumor

36
Q

Shadowing

A

failure of the sound beam to pass through an object resulting in a signal void behind structures, aka an artifact (ex. gallstones, bone or air)

37
Q

Acoustic enhancement

A

area of brightness seen distal to reflector, sound travels easily through

38
Q

Retroperitoneal organs

A

SADPUCKER: Suprarenal glands(adrenal), Aorta/IVC, Duodenum, Pancreas, Ureters, Colon, Kidney & bladder, Esophagus and Rectum

39
Q

What does SADPUCKER stand for

A

The retroperitoneal organs: Suprarenal glands(adrenal), Aorta/IVC, Duodenum, Pancreas, Ureters, Colon, Kidney & bladder, Esophagus and Rectum

40
Q

Thoracic and abdominal cavities are divided by…

A

Diaphragm

41
Q

Right lateral decubitus/ left lateral decubitus

A

Up on the side 90 degrees

42
Q

Right posterior oblique/ left posterior oblique

A

Up on side 45 degrees

Abdominal Sonography A&P (2 decks)

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