introduction of skeletal

Question 1

skeletal system includes the following (5)

Answer 1

BONES
JOINTS
CARTILAGE
LIGAMENTS
TENDONS

Question 2

comes from the greek word means “dried-up” body

Answer 2

SKELETON

Question 3

2 subdivisions

Answer 3

AXIAL SKELETON
APPENDICULAR SKELETON

Question 4

5 functions of the bones

Answer 4

SUPPORT
PROTECTION
MOVEMENT
STORAGE
HEMATOPOIESIS

Question 5

classification of the bone according to structure

Answer 5

SPONGY BONE (DIPLOE)
COMPACT BONE

Question 6

has a spiky, open appearance like a sponge

Answer 6

SPONGY BONE (DIPLOE)

Question 7

is dense and looks smooth and homogeneous

Answer 7

COMPACT BONE

Question 8

4 classification of bone according to shape

Answer 8

LONG BONES
SHORT BONES
FLAT BONES
IRREGULAR BONE

Question 9

all bones of the limbs except patella, wrist and ankle; mostly compact

Answer 9

LONG BONES

Question 10

generally cube-shaped; mostly spongy; wrist and ankle

Answer 10

SHORT BONES

Question 11

thin, flattened and usually curved

Answer 11

FLAT BONES

Question 12

does not fit to above category

Answer 12

IRREGULAR BONE

Question 13

example of long bone

Answer 13

HUMERUS

Question 14

example of short bone

Answer 14

TALUS

Question 15

example of flat bone

Answer 15

STERNUM

Question 16

example of irregular bone

Answer 16

VERTEBRA

Question 17

8 structure of long bone

Answer 17

EPIPHYSIS
DIAPHYSIS
ARTICULAR CARTILAGE
SHARPEY’S FIBER
PERIOSTEUM
ENDOSTEUM
EPIPHYSEAL PLATE/LINE
MEDULLARY CAVITY

Question 18

ends of bone

Answer 18

EPIPHYSIS

Question 19

body of bone/shaft

Answer 19

DIAPHYSIS

Question 20

covering end of the bone/epiphysis

Answer 20

ARTICULAR CARTILAGE

Question 21

a fibrous connective tissue covering of diaphysis

Answer 21

PERIOSTEUM

Question 22

attaches the periosteum to underlying diaphysis

Answer 22

SHARPEY’S FIBER

Question 23

thin membrane that secure periosteum to the underlysing bone

Answer 23

ENDOSTEUM

Question 24

joins the epiphysis to diaphysis

Answer 24

EPIPHYSEAL PLAYE/LINE

Question 25

storage area for adipose(fat) tissue

Answer 25

MEDULLARY CAVITY

Question 26

5 microscopic anatomy of bone

Answer 26

OSTEON LAMELLAE LACUNAE CANALICULI CENTRAL CANAL

Question 27

aka haversian system; composed of central canal, lamellae, lacunae, canaliculi, and osteocytes

Answer 27

OSTEON

Question 28

concentric ring of bone tissue

Answer 28

LAMELLAE

Question 29

cavity embedded in the lamellae; houses osteocytes

Answer 29

LACUNAE

Question 30

tiny canals that directly connect the lacunae/osteocytes to central canal

Answer 30

CANALICULI

Question 31

houses blood vessels and nerves

Answer 31

CENTRAL CANAL

Question 32

process of bone formation

Answer 32

OSSIFICATION

Question 33

two major steps of ossification

Answer 33

ENDOCHONDRAL OSSIFICATION INTRAMEMBRANOUS OSSIFICATION

Question 34

contributes to longitudinal growth

Answer 34

ENDOCHONDRAL OSSIFICATION

Question 35

occuring primarily in the bones of skull

Answer 35

INTRAMEMBRANOUS OSSIFICATION

Question 36

2 factors affecting bone remodeling

Answer 36

CALCIUM LEVELS IN THE BLOOD PULL OF GRAVITY AND MUSCLES ON THE SKELETON

Question 37

disease in children in which the bone fail of calcify

Answer 37

RICKETS

Question 38

is any condition in which bone breakdown outpaces bone formation, causing bones to become weak and porous

Answer 38

OSTEOPOROSIS

Question 39

is characterized by excessive and abnormal remodeling

Answer 39

PAGET'S DISEASE

Question 40

as for old age, bones become thin and weaken

Answer 40

FRACTURES

Question 41

fractures may be classified by 4

Answer 41

POSITION OF THE BONE ENDS AFTER FRACTURE COMPLETENESS OF THE BREAK ORIENTATION OF THE BREAL RELATIVE TO THE LONG AXIS OF THE BONE WHETHER THE BONE PENETRATE THE SKIN

Question 42

bone fragments into three or more pieces

Answer 42

COMMINUTED

Question 43

bone is crushed

Answer 43

COMPRESSION

Question 44

ragged break occurs when excessive twisting forces are applied to a bone; common sports fracture

Answer 44

SPIRAL

Question 45

epiphysis separates from the diaphysis along the epiphyseal plate

Answer 45

EPIPHYSEAL

Question 46

broken bone portion is pressed inward; typical of skull fracture

Answer 46

DEPRESSED

Question 47

bone breaks incompletely, much in the way a green twig breaks

Answer 47

GREENSTICK

Question 48

when the blood calcium ion level is too high

Answer 48

HYPERCALCEMIA

Question 49

softening of the bones

Answer 49

OSTEOMALACIA

Question 50

4 stages in the healing of a bone fracture

Answer 50

HEMATOMA FORMATION FIBROCARTILAGE CALLUS FORMATION BONY CALLUS FORMATION BONE REMODELING