Introduction Of Microbiology

Question 1

deals with organisms ordinarily too small to be seen without

magnification

Answer 1

Microbiology

Question 2

microorganisms can be observed using the

Answer 2

microscope (light and electron microscopes)

Question 3

these organisms which are micrometers or micron (μm) in size are called

Answer 3

Microorganisms or Microbes

Question 4

father of Bacteriology and Protozoology

Answer 4

Antonie van Leeuwenhooek

Question 5

Leeuwenhooek observe microorganisms, bacteria, protozoa that he called a

Answer 5

Animacules

Question 6

• disproved spontaneous generation theory with his experiment using beef broth and swan-necked flasks
• performed pasteurization
• developed rabies vaccine

Answer 6

Luis Pasteur

Question 7

living organisms could arise from non-living matter (proposed by Aristotle)

Answer 7

Spontaneous Generation Theory

Question 8

human diseases could arise from infection caused by microorganisms

Answer 8

Germ Theory of Diseases

Question 9

What is Black Death?

Answer 9

Black Death
o 14th century global epidemic bubonic plaque
o killed one third of Europe’s population
o caused persecution of witches, blamed of spreading the
disease
o caused by a bacterium, Yersinia pestis
o primary vector: oriental rat flea (Xenopsylla cheopsis)

Question 10

developed Koch’s postulates and pure culture methods

Answer 10

Robert Koch

Question 11

Recite Causitive Agents

Answer 11

o tuberculosis- Mycobacterium tuberculosis
o anthrax - Bacillus anthracis
o cholera- Vibrio cholera

Question 12

Treatment for tuberculosis

Answer 12

Tuberculin

Question 13

Pathogen must be….

Answer 13

Must be present
Must be isolated
Must be be reproduced
Must be reisolated

Question 14

• invented transparent double-sided petri dish

- assistant of Robert Koch

Answer 14

Richard Petri

Question 15

are easily staked, sterilized, and prevents contamination

Answer 15

Petri dish

Question 16

Study of Bacteria

Answer 16

Bacteriology

Question 17

Study of Fungi (yeasts and molds)

Answer 17

Mycology

Question 18

Study of Algae

Answer 18

Phycology

Question 19

Study of Viruses

Answer 19

Virology

Question 20

Study of parasites (protozoans, helminths, viruses)

Answer 20

Parasitology

Question 21

Study of immune system, relationships between pathogens such as bacteria and viruses and their hosts

Answer 21

Immunology

Question 22

prokaryote, small single-celled organism

Answer 22

Bacteria

Question 23

prokaryote, similar morphology with bacteria, thrives in extreme environments

Answer 23

Archaea

Question 24

eukaryote,unicellular(yeasts),multicellular(molds)

Answer 24

Fungi

Question 25

eukaryote, unicellular, some filamentous

Answer 25

Algae

Question 26

eukaryote,unicellular,non-motile and motile(flagella,cilia,pesudopodia)

Answer 26

Protozoans

Question 27

obligate intracellular parasites,made of protein coat (capsid)and genetic material(DNAorRNA)

Answer 27

Viruses

Question 28

developed aseptic technique following the idea of Luis Pasteur that airborne microorganisms can cause fermentatio

Answer 28

Joseph Lister

Question 29

employed chemical method, using antiseptic chemicals such as phenol to disinfect air and wounds before, during, and after surgery which

Answer 29

decreased post-operation death rates by 30%

Question 30

- father of Virology, coined the term virus – Latin word which translates to slimy liquid or poison - invented the enrichment culture technique to isolate bacterial cultures

Answer 30

Martinus Beijerinck

Question 31

isolation of microorganisms in natural samples in a highly selective fashion by manipulating nutrient and incubation conditions

Answer 31

enrichment culture technique

Question 32

developed the principle of chemolithotrophy

Answer 32

Sergei Winogradsky

Question 33

type of metabolism where energy is obtained from the oxidation of inorganic compounds (sulfate, nitrogen gas, iron)

Answer 33

chemolithotrophy

Question 34

“litho”- stone, “troph”- refers to the source of nourishment, thus “stone eaters”

Answer 34

Litotrophs

Question 35

demonstrated the critical roles of microbes in the cycling of elements

Answer 35

biogeochemical cycling