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Cytogenetics > Introduction of genetics > Flashcards

Introduction of genetics Flashcards

1
Q

A field of biology that involves the study of genes, heredity and variation in living organisms

A

GENETICS

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2
Q

Deals with the molecular structure and function of genes, gene behavior in context of a cell or organism, patterns of inheritance from parent to offspring, and gene distribution, variation and change in populations

A

GENETICS

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3
Q

“Father of Modern Genetics”
German-Czech Augustinian monk and
scientist

A

GREGOR MENDEL

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4
Q

English naturalist whose scientific theory
of evolution by natural selection became the modern foundation of evolutionary studies.

A

CHARLES DARWIN

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5
Q

Author of the book “on the origins of species”

A

CHARLES DARWIN

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6
Q

is the process by which organisms better suited for adaptation their environment survive, while those that are poorly suited to their environment do not.

A

Natural Selection

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7
Q

A British biologist who applied Gregor
Mendel’s work to Charles Darwin’s theory of
evolution

A

WILLIAM BATESON

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8
Q

Popularized the use of the word genetics to describe the study of inheritance in his inaugural address to the 3rd International Conference on Plant Hybridization in London, England in 1906.

A

WILLIAM BATESON

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9
Q

By studying variation and advocating
Mendelian genetics, he furthered the field of genetics, encouraged the use of experimental methodology to study heredity, and contributed to later theories of genetic inheritance.

A

WILLIAM BATESON

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10
Q

Three European botanists who rediscovered Mendel’s laws in 1900. They were working independently on
different plant hybrids and came to the same conclusions on inheritance as Mendel’s.

A

HUGO DE VRIES, CARL CORRENS, and ERICH VON TSCHERMAK-SEYSENEGG

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11
Q

He used fruit flies (Drosophila melanogaster)
eye color mutations to demonstrate
sex-linked inheritance patterns.

A

THOMAS HUNT MORGAN

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11
Q

Established the chromosomal theory of
inheritance

A

THOMAS HUNT MORGAN

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12
Q

Established the chromosomal theory of
inheritance

A

ROSALIND ELSIE FRANKLIN

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13
Q

British scientist best known for her contributions to the discovery of the molecular structure of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), a constituent of chromosomes that serves to encode genetic information.

A

ROSALIND ELSIE FRANKLIN

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14
Q

he
determined the structure of DNA in the X- ray crystallography Together with Francis Crick

A

JAMES WATSON

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15
Q

he was awarded the 1962 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for their discoveries on the molecular structure of nucleic acids and its significance for information transfer in living material.

A

JAMES WATSON

16
Q

Deals with the study of the physical basis of heredity

A

Cytogenesis

17
Q

Deals with the chemical basis of heredity

A

Molecular Genesis

18
Q

Study of genes

A

Genomics

19
Q

Study of proteins

A

Proteomics

20
Q

Study of the distribution and frequency of alleles within populations

A

Population genetics

21
Q

Study that deals with the role of genetic and environmental effects on behavior

A

Behavioral genetics

22
Q

Oldest discipline of genetics covering the basic mechanisms on heredity discovered by Gregor Mendel

A

Classical Genetics

23
Q

Makes use of symbols as representation of the members of the family

A

Pedigee Analysis

24
Q

Used to detect chromosomal use of karyotype or (from Greek karyon) abnormality)

A

Karyotyping

25
Q

stated in a
negative manner; of no significant
difference

A

Null Hypothesis

26
Q

Stated in a positive manner

A

Alternative Hypothesis

27
Q

Developed from one fertilized egg (ovum) that producing two babies with exactly the same genetic information

A

Identical or Monozygotic twins

28
Q

Their physical features look typically the same, with most twins having an exact mirror face of the other.

A

Identical or Monozygotic twins

29
Q

Developed from 2 different egg cells fertilized by 2 different sperm cells producing two genetically unique children

A

Fraternal or Dizygotic twins

30
Q

Commonly used for testing relationships between categorical variables

A

Chi square

31
Q

Tells how far a set of numbers lie apart

A

Standard deviation

32
Q

Average that is used to derive the central tendency of the data question

A

Mean

Cytogenetics (1 decks)

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