Introduction of genetics Flashcards
A field of biology that involves the study of genes, heredity and variation in living organisms
GENETICS
Deals with the molecular structure and function of genes, gene behavior in context of a cell or organism, patterns of inheritance from parent to offspring, and gene distribution, variation and change in populations
GENETICS
“Father of Modern Genetics”
German-Czech Augustinian monk and
scientist
GREGOR MENDEL
English naturalist whose scientific theory
of evolution by natural selection became the modern foundation of evolutionary studies.
CHARLES DARWIN
Author of the book “on the origins of species”
CHARLES DARWIN
is the process by which organisms better suited for adaptation their environment survive, while those that are poorly suited to their environment do not.
Natural Selection
A British biologist who applied Gregor
Mendel’s work to Charles Darwin’s theory of
evolution
WILLIAM BATESON
Popularized the use of the word genetics to describe the study of inheritance in his inaugural address to the 3rd International Conference on Plant Hybridization in London, England in 1906.
WILLIAM BATESON
By studying variation and advocating
Mendelian genetics, he furthered the field of genetics, encouraged the use of experimental methodology to study heredity, and contributed to later theories of genetic inheritance.
WILLIAM BATESON
Three European botanists who rediscovered Mendel’s laws in 1900. They were working independently on
different plant hybrids and came to the same conclusions on inheritance as Mendel’s.
HUGO DE VRIES, CARL CORRENS, and ERICH VON TSCHERMAK-SEYSENEGG
He used fruit flies (Drosophila melanogaster)
eye color mutations to demonstrate
sex-linked inheritance patterns.
THOMAS HUNT MORGAN
Established the chromosomal theory of
inheritance
THOMAS HUNT MORGAN
Established the chromosomal theory of
inheritance
ROSALIND ELSIE FRANKLIN
British scientist best known for her contributions to the discovery of the molecular structure of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), a constituent of chromosomes that serves to encode genetic information.
ROSALIND ELSIE FRANKLIN
he
determined the structure of DNA in the X- ray crystallography Together with Francis Crick
JAMES WATSON
he was awarded the 1962 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for their discoveries on the molecular structure of nucleic acids and its significance for information transfer in living material.
JAMES WATSON
Deals with the study of the physical basis of heredity
Cytogenesis
Deals with the chemical basis of heredity
Molecular Genesis
Study of genes
Genomics
Study of proteins
Proteomics
Study of the distribution and frequency of alleles within populations
Population genetics
Study that deals with the role of genetic and environmental effects on behavior
Behavioral genetics
Oldest discipline of genetics covering the basic mechanisms on heredity discovered by Gregor Mendel
Classical Genetics
Makes use of symbols as representation of the members of the family
Pedigee Analysis
Used to detect chromosomal use of karyotype or (from Greek karyon) abnormality)
Karyotyping
stated in a
negative manner; of no significant
difference
Null Hypothesis
Stated in a positive manner
Alternative Hypothesis
Developed from one fertilized egg (ovum) that producing two babies with exactly the same genetic information
Identical or Monozygotic twins
Their physical features look typically the same, with most twins having an exact mirror face of the other.
Identical or Monozygotic twins
Developed from 2 different egg cells fertilized by 2 different sperm cells producing two genetically unique children
Fraternal or Dizygotic twins
Commonly used for testing relationships between categorical variables
Chi square
Tells how far a set of numbers lie apart
Standard deviation
Average that is used to derive the central tendency of the data question
Mean
