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Pharmacopeia I > Introduction Material > Flashcards

Introduction Material Flashcards

1
Q

Taste vs. Temperature

A

perception of herb in mouth vs. sensation of herb in ST or on skin

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2
Q

personally tasted herbs to compile this book which contains 364 kinds of herbs with effective results. term medicine property first appears in this book

A

Shen Nong Ben Cao Jing

Divine Husbandman’s Classic of the Materia Medica

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3
Q

Three Categories according to Tao Hongjing’s book: Collection of Commentaries on the Classic of the Materia Medica

A

Noble/Upper - tonifying
Middle - Most Herbs
Lower - Has toxicity

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4
Q

Most celebrated herbalist in China

give name and important information of book

A

Li Shizhen / Grand Materia Medica, published 1596, best known example of Chinese Medical Literature

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5
Q

Medical Revelations

A

by Cheng Zhong Ling, eight therapeutic methods

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6
Q

Origins of Medicine

A

Zhang Yuan Su, linkages between herbs and zang fu organs

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7
Q

Objectives of processing herbs

A

eliminate/reduce toxicity or side effects of herbs
change fn of herbs
easy storage
rid of impurities for easier consumption

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8
Q

Methods of Processing Herbs

A

mechanical
utilizing water
utilizing heat
utilizing water & heat

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9
Q

Processing Herbs: Mechanical methods

A

cleaning, peeling, scraping, grinding, etc

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10
Q

Processing Herbs: methods utilizing water

A

Softening - soaking (to prepare for cutting)
Bleaching - rinsing or submerging (to remove salt)
Aqueous Trituration - minerals ground with water until reduced to a fine powder (often used for ophthalmological)

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11
Q

Processing Herbs: methods utilizing heat

A

Dry-frying - browning, deep-frying, charred
Frying with liquid - honey, vinegar, wine, ginger juice
Calcining - minerals (brittle substances easier to crush)
Roasting in ashes - wrap herb in mud or wet paper & roast on coals

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12
Q

Processing Herbs: methods utilizing heat & water

A

Steaming
Boiling
Quenching - heated then submerged in cold water or vinegar
Simmering - reduced / condensed into gel

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13
Q

“Four” Qi and directions

A 
Cold
Hot - up/floating
Warm - up/floating
Coo
Neutral
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14
Q

“Five” Tastes and directions

A 
Sour - down/sinking (astringent is down/sinking too)
Bitter - down/sinking
Sweet - up/floating
Acrid - up/floating
Salty - down/sinking 
Bland
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15
Q

Taste that Disperses and Moves, up & floating

A

Acrid

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16
Q

Taste that tonify, harmonize, moisten, up & floating

A

Sweet

17
Q

Taste that drain and dry, down & sinking

A

Bitter

18
Q

Taste that is astringent and prevent abnormal leakage of fluids and energy, down & sinking

A

Sour

19
Q

Taste that purges and softens, down & sinking

A

Salty

20
Q

Taste that leeches out dampness and promotes urination

A

Bland

21
Q

Taste that prevents leakage of fluids, down & sinking

A

Astringent

22
Q

Acrid

A

Taste that Disperses and Moves, up & floating

23
Q

Sweet

A

Taste that tonify, harmonize, moisten, up & floating

24
Q

Bitter

A

Taste that drain and dry, down & sinking

25
Q

Sour

A

Taste that is astringent and prevent abnormal leakage of fluids and energy, down & sinking

26
Q

Salty

A

Taste that purges and softens, down & sinking

27
Q

Bland

A

Taste that leeches out dampness and promotes urination

28
Q

Astringent

A

Taste that prevents leakage of fluids, like lemons, down & sinking

29
Q

Techniques for combining herbs

A 
Mutual Accentuation
Mutual Enhancement
Mutual Counteraction
Mutual Suppression
Mutual Antagonism
Mutual Incompatibility
30
Q

Mutual Accentuation

A

two substances with similar fn to accentuate their actions

31
Q

Mutual Enhancement

A

one substance enhances the effects of the other

32
Q

Mutual Counteraction

A

the toxicity or side effects of one substance are reduced or eliminated by another substance. (think of big picture of eliminating toxicity)

33
Q

Mutual Suppression

A

converse of mutual counteraction, reduces the undesirable side effects of another however the focus is on the herb doing the action

34
Q

Mutual Antagonism

A

the ability of two substances to minimize or neutralize each there’s positive effects - 19 antagonisms

35
Q

Mutual Incompatibility

A

the combination of two substances gives rise to side effects or toxicity which would not be caused by either if used alone - 18 incompatibilities

36
Q

19 Antagonists

A 
ba dou => qian niu zi
ding xiang => yu jin
zhi chuan wu => xi jiao
ren shen => wu ling zhi
rou gui => chi shi zhi
37
Q

18 Incompatibilities

A

gan cao / gan sui, da ji, yuan hua, hai zao
zhi wu tou / bei mu, gua lou, zhi ban xia, bai lian, bai ji
li lu / ren shen, sha shen, dan shen, ku shen, xi xin, bai shao

Pharmacopeia I (2 decks)

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