introduction L1 Flashcards
why are bacteria important
- abundance, distribution, activities
- biotechnology and food
- health and disease
- research
give 7 functions of bacteria
- produce oxygen
- remove carbon
- digest food
- tree growth and communication
- recycling
- produce food and chemicals
- nutrient cycles
give the name of bacteria that can live in Antarctic
Psychrophiles
give the name of bacteria that can live in hot springs
Hyperthermophiles
give 4 features of archaea
- prokaryotic
- no pentaglycine in walls
- Information-handling systems resemble eukaryotes
DNA replication, transcription, translation - Many metabolic processes are unique to archaea
describe bacterial catabolic diversity
use range of carbon and energy sources exploiting every niche and leads to recycling pathways
what is chemosynthesis and which bacteria use it
not using sunlight for energy
bacteria in deep sea vents, use chemicals such as CO2 and SO2 instead
what can deep sea vent bacteria be used for
a model to study carbon dioxide capture – re. reducing global warming
give 6 ways bacteria are used in biotechnology
- recombinant proteins: Insulin
- biological drugs: monoclonal antibodies
- natural product drugs: antibiotics/ cancer
- fine chemicals: found in bacteria, vitamins/ amino acids
- industrial enzymes
- synthetic biology: making molecules artificially
who came up with germ theory
Koch
what did koch come up with
4 postulates
what were kocks 4 postulates
- suspected pathogen must be present in all cases of the disease
- suspected pathogen must be grown in pure culture
- cells from pure culture of suspected pathogen must cause disease in healthy animals
- suspected pathogen must be reisolated and shown to be the same as the original
define microbiome
the genes harboured by the microbiota
define microbiota
microbial organisms living on/around/in us that are not part of our own bodies
how is gut microbiome established
milk from mother contains bacteria that establishes gut micrombiome
